S-L Li1, L-N Duo2,3,4,5, H-J Wang2,3,4,5, W Dai1, E-Y H Zhou2,3, Y-N Xu1, T Zhao1, Y-Y Xiao1, L Xia6, Z-H Yang7, L-T Zheng8, Y-Y Hu8, Z-M Lin2,3, H-N Wang1, T-W Gao1, C-L Ma1, Y Yang2,3,4, C-Y Li1. 1. Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. 2. Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China. 3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis on Dermatoses, Beijing, China. 4. Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China. 5. Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China. 6. Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, China. 7. Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, China. 8. Novogene Bioinformatics Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Inherited epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare skin disorder characterized by susceptibility to specific types of human papilloma virus (HPV) and is strongly associated with skin carcinomas. Inactivating mutations in EVER1/EVER2 account for most cases of EV. However, more phenotypes related to but distinct from EV have been reported with an immunodeficiency state but without EVER1/EVER2 mutation, and the genetic basis for these atypical EV cases is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To identify the causative gene responsible for three siblings affected by atypical EV but without EVER1/EVER2 mutation. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing was performed to identify the gene responsible for the patients with atypical EV enrolled in our study. RESULTS: A homozygous splicing mutation was detected in LCK (c.188-2A>G). This mutation resulted in an exon 3 deletion T lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase isoform, which further led to frameshift mutation and subsequent mRNA decay. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a novel mutation in LCK in a family affected by atypical EV with T-cell defects, HPV infection and virus-induced malignancy, providing new clues in the understanding of host defences against HPV and better genetic counselling of patients with the EV phenotype.
BACKGROUND: Inherited epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare skin disorder characterized by susceptibility to specific types of human papilloma virus (HPV) and is strongly associated with skin carcinomas. Inactivating mutations in EVER1/EVER2 account for most cases of EV. However, more phenotypes related to but distinct from EV have been reported with an immunodeficiency state but without EVER1/EVER2 mutation, and the genetic basis for these atypical EV cases is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To identify the causative gene responsible for three siblings affected by atypical EV but without EVER1/EVER2 mutation. METHODS: Whole-exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing was performed to identify the gene responsible for the patients with atypical EV enrolled in our study. RESULTS: A homozygous splicing mutation was detected in LCK (c.188-2A>G). This mutation resulted in an exon 3 deletion T lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase isoform, which further led to frameshift mutation and subsequent mRNA decay. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate a novel mutation in LCK in a family affected by atypical EV with T-cell defects, HPV infection and virus-induced malignancy, providing new clues in the understanding of host defences against HPV and better genetic counselling of patients with the EV phenotype.
Authors: Ruby Khoury; Sharon Sauter; Melinda Butsch Kovacic; Adam S Nelson; Kasiani C Myers; Parinda A Mehta; Stella M Davies; Susanne I Wells Journal: Viruses Date: 2018-01-20 Impact factor: 5.048