David Niederseer1, Eva Steidle-Kloc2, Matthias Mayr3, Edith E Müller4, Janne Cadamuro5, Wolfgang Patsch6, Flemming Dela7, Erich Müller8, Josef Niebauer9. 1. Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Sports Medicine of the State of Salzburg, Sports Medicine of the Olympic Center Salzburg-Rif, Salzburg, Austria; Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. 2. Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Sports Medicine of the State of Salzburg, Sports Medicine of the Olympic Center Salzburg-Rif, Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany. 3. Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Sports Medicine of the State of Salzburg, Sports Medicine of the Olympic Center Salzburg-Rif, Salzburg, Austria. 4. Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Sports Medicine of the State of Salzburg, Sports Medicine of the Olympic Center Salzburg-Rif, Salzburg, Austria; Research Institute of Molecular Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. 5. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. 6. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Institute of Pharmacology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. 7. Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 8. Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria. 9. Institute of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Institute of Sports Medicine of the State of Salzburg, Sports Medicine of the Olympic Center Salzburg-Rif, Salzburg, Austria; Research Institute of Molecular Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria. Electronic address: j.niebauer@salk.at.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:Endothelial dysfunction occurs early during atherogenesis and it can be normalized by exercise training. Unfortunately, patients' compliance with exercise prescription remains low, often because the given choices do not appeal to them. In Alpine regions, skiing is a popular mode of exercise, and therefore we set out to assess whether it can induce antiatherogenic effects. METHODS: We randomized 42 subjects into a group of 12weeks of guided skiing (intervention group, IG, n=22; 12 males/10 females; age: 66.6±2.1years) or a control group (CG, n=20; 10 males/10 females; age: 67.3±4.4years). Early (CD3-CD34+CD45+) and late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs; CD45dimCD34+KDR+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs), peripheral arterial tonometry and endothelial biomarkers were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS: In the IG, participants completed 28.5±2.6 skiing days at an average heart rate of 72.7±8.5% of their maximum heart rate. Changes in early (IG: +0.001±0.001% PBMC; CG: -0.001±0.001% PBMC; IG vs. CG: p<0.001) but not late EPCs differed significantly. Changes in peripheral arterial tone differed significantly between IG (Reactive Hyperemia Index: +0.18±0.76) and CG (-0.39±0.85; p=0.045), as did homocysteine (IG: -1.3±1.3μmol/l; CG: -0.4±1.4μmol/l; p=0.037) while other endothelial biomarkers remained essentially unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that skiing induces several beneficial effects on markers of atherogenesis including EPCs, peripheral arterial tone and homocysteine. Our findings suggest that recreational alpine skiing may serve as a further mode of preventive exercise training, which might result in improved compliance with current recommendations.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: Endothelial dysfunction occurs early during atherogenesis and it can be normalized by exercise training. Unfortunately, patients' compliance with exercise prescription remains low, often because the given choices do not appeal to them. In Alpine regions, skiing is a popular mode of exercise, and therefore we set out to assess whether it can induce antiatherogenic effects. METHODS: We randomized 42 subjects into a group of 12weeks of guided skiing (intervention group, IG, n=22; 12 males/10 females; age: 66.6±2.1years) or a control group (CG, n=20; 10 males/10 females; age: 67.3±4.4years). Early (CD3-CD34+CD45+) and late endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs; CD45dimCD34+KDR+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells, PBMCs), peripheral arterial tonometry and endothelial biomarkers were assessed at the beginning and end of the study. RESULTS: In the IG, participants completed 28.5±2.6 skiing days at an average heart rate of 72.7±8.5% of their maximum heart rate. Changes in early (IG: +0.001±0.001% PBMC; CG: -0.001±0.001% PBMC; IG vs. CG: p<0.001) but not late EPCs differed significantly. Changes in peripheral arterial tone differed significantly between IG (Reactive Hyperemia Index: +0.18±0.76) and CG (-0.39±0.85; p=0.045), as did homocysteine (IG: -1.3±1.3μmol/l; CG: -0.4±1.4μmol/l; p=0.037) while other endothelial biomarkers remained essentially unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that skiing induces several beneficial effects on markers of atherogenesis including EPCs, peripheral arterial tone and homocysteine. Our findings suggest that recreational alpine skiing may serve as a further mode of preventive exercise training, which might result in improved compliance with current recommendations.
Authors: Trevor Simard; Richard G Jung; Pouya Motazedian; Pietro Di Santo; F Daniel Ramirez; Juan J Russo; Alisha Labinaz; Altayyeb Yousef; Brijesh Anantharam; Ali Pourdjabbar; Benjamin Hibbert Journal: Stem Cells Int Date: 2017-01-23 Impact factor: 5.443
Authors: Sergio Caballero; David L Kent; Nilanjana Sengupta; Sergio Li Calzi; Lynn Shaw; Eleni Beli; Leni Moldovan; James M Dominguez; Ramana S Moorthy; Maria B Grant Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2017-10-01 Impact factor: 4.799