Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analysis of rat sperm membrane interaction with cauda epididymal fluid.

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) was used to analyze the polypeptide composition of rat cauda epididymal fluid, blood serum and membrane-enriched fractions of caput, corpus, and cauda epididymal spermatozoa. Several polypeptides were found in both cauda fluid and blood serum, and in both cauda fluid and epididymal spermatozoa. Prominent cauda epididymal fluid polypeptides that were associated with caput, corpus, and cauda sperm membranes were 32 and 33 kDa. Passage of spermatozoa from the caput to the cauda epididymidis was characterized by the loss of three glycopolypeptides of 32, 30 and 29 kDa, and by the addition of a 37-kDa glycopolypeptide. Incubation of intact caput, corpus and cauda spermatozoa with cauda epididymal fluid revealed major changes in the polypeptide maps of the incubation fluid and the membrane-enriched fractions of caput and corpus, but not cauda spermatozoa. The incubation of cauda fluid with caput and corpus sperm cells was characterized by a loss of several polypeptides and the addition of a 24-kDa glycopolypeptide. The most striking change in spermatozoa incubated with cauda epididymal fluid was the addition of two glycopolypeptides of 32 and 33 kDa to the polypeptide maps of caput sperm cells. These data demonstrate that rat spermatozoa undergo surface modifications during epididymal maturation and that these modifications can be influenced by epididymal fluid.