Murine Models of Bacteremia and Surgical Wound Infection for the Evaluation of Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine Candidates.

There is an unmet need for an effective vaccine to prevent infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Murine models of staphylococcal infections are useful tools for evaluation of experimental vaccines and adjuvants in preclinical studies. Mice can be actively immunized with vaccines or passively immunized with antibodies prior to bacterial challenge. We described two infection models, bacteremia and surgical wound infection, that are relevant to human disease. To achieve a persistent bacteremia, mice are challenged with a sublethal inoculum of S. aureus by the intraperitoneal route. Bacteremia is assessed 2 h after challenge, and weight loss and renal infection are quantified after 4 days. Surgical wound infection can be achieved by inoculation of S. aureus directly into the sutured incision of a thigh muscle. After 3 days the tissue bacterial burden and weight loss are evaluated in this localized infection. Protective efficacy of experimental vaccines is analyzed by comparison with mice immunized with appropriate control vaccines.