Joann L Ater1, Caihong Xia2, Claire M Mazewski3, Timothy N Booth4, David R Freyer5, Roger J Packer1, Richard Sposto2, Gilbert Vezina6, Ian F Pollack7. 1. Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. 3. Children's Health Care Atlanta, Hematology-Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. 4. Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas. 5. Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Children's Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Los Angeles, California. 6. Department of Neurology, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC. 7. Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate tumor responses, event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity of chemotherapy, children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and progressive low-grade glioma were enrolled into the Children's Oncology Group (COG) A9952 protocol and treated with carboplatin and vincristine (CV). METHODS:Non-NF1 patients were randomized to CV or thioguanine, procarbazine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea, and vincristine in COG A9952. NF1 patients were assigned to CV only. NF1 patients and non-NF1 patients who were treated with CV were compared with respect to baseline characteristics, toxicity, tumor responses, EFS, and OS. RESULTS: A total of 127 eligible patients with NF1 were nonrandomly assigned to CV: 42 NF1 patients (33%) had events, and 6 (4.7%) died. The 5-year EFS rate was 69% ± 4% for the CV-NF1 group and 39% ± 4% for the CV-non-NF1 group (P < .001). In a univariate analysis, NF1 children had a significantly higher tumor response rate and superior EFS and OS in comparison with CV-treated children without NF1. NF1 patients and non-NF1 patients differed significantly in amount of residual tumor, extent of resection, tumor location, and pathology. According to a multivariate analysis, NF1 was independently associated with better EFS (P < .001) but not with OS. NF1 patients also had a decreased risk of grade 3 or 4 toxicities in comparison with non-NF1 patients. Three second malignant neoplasms occurred in NF1 patients receiving CV (CV-NF1 group) at a median of 7.8 years (range, 7.3-9.4 years) after enrollment, but there were none in the non-NF1 group. CONCLUSIONS: Children with NF1 tolerated CV well and had tumor response rates and EFS that were superior to those for children without NF1. Cancer 2016;122:1928-36.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: To evaluate tumor responses, event-free survival (EFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity of chemotherapy, children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and progressive low-grade glioma were enrolled into the Children's Oncology Group (COG) A9952 protocol and treated with carboplatin and vincristine (CV). METHODS: Non-NF1patients were randomized to CV or thioguanine, procarbazine, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea, and vincristine in COG A9952. NF1 patients were assigned to CV only. NF1 patients and non-NF1patients who were treated with CV were compared with respect to baseline characteristics, toxicity, tumor responses, EFS, and OS. RESULTS: A total of 127 eligible patients with NF1 were nonrandomly assigned to CV: 42 NF1patients (33%) had events, and 6 (4.7%) died. The 5-year EFS rate was 69% ± 4% for the CV-NF1 group and 39% ± 4% for the CV-non-NF1 group (P < .001). In a univariate analysis, NF1 children had a significantly higher tumor response rate and superior EFS and OS in comparison with CV-treated children without NF1. NF1 patients and non-NF1patients differed significantly in amount of residual tumor, extent of resection, tumor location, and pathology. According to a multivariate analysis, NF1 was independently associated with better EFS (P < .001) but not with OS. NF1 patients also had a decreased risk of grade 3 or 4 toxicities in comparison with non-NF1patients. Three second malignant neoplasms occurred in NF1patients receiving CV (CV-NF1 group) at a median of 7.8 years (range, 7.3-9.4 years) after enrollment, but there were none in the non-NF1 group. CONCLUSIONS:Children with NF1 tolerated CV well and had tumor response rates and EFS that were superior to those for children without NF1. Cancer 2016;122:1928-36.
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