Ulf Samuelsson1, Johan Anderzén2, Soffia Gudbjörnsdottir3, Isabelle Steineck4, Karin Åkesson5, Lena Hanberger6. 1. Dept. of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Paediatrics, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. 2. Dept. of Paediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden. 3. Dept. of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 4. Dept. of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark. 5. Dept. of Paediatrics, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping, and Futurum - academy for Health and Care, Jönköping County Council, Sweden. 6. Dept. of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: lena.hanberger@liu.se.
Abstract
AIMS: To compare metabolic control between males and females with type 1 diabetes during adolescence and as young adults, and relate it to microvascular complications. METHODS: Data concerning 4000 adolescents with type 1 diabetes registered in the Swedish paediatric diabetes quality registry, and above the age of 18years in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry was used. RESULTS: When dividing HbA1c values in three groups; < 7.4% (57mmol/mol), 7.4-9.3% (57-78mmol/mol) and >9.3% (78mmol/mol), there was a higher proportion of females in the highest group during adolescence. In the group with the highest HbA1c values during adolescence and as adults, 51.7% were females, expected value 46.2%; in the group with low HbA1c values in both registries, 34.2% were females, p<0.001. As adults, more females had retinopathy, p<0.05. Females had higher mean HbA1c values at diagnosis, 11.2 vs. 10.9% (99 vs. 96mmol/mol), p<0.03, during adolescence, 8.5 vs. 8.2% (69 vs. 66mmol/mol) p<0.01, but not as young adults. CONCLUSIONS: Worse glycaemic control was found in adolescent females, and they had a higher frequency of microvascular complications. Improved paediatric diabetes care is of great importance for increasing the likelihood of lower mortality and morbidity later in life.
AIMS: To compare metabolic control between males and females with type 1 diabetes during adolescence and as young adults, and relate it to microvascular complications. METHODS: Data concerning 4000 adolescents with type 1 diabetes registered in the Swedish paediatric diabetes quality registry, and above the age of 18years in the Swedish National Diabetes Registry was used. RESULTS: When dividing HbA1c values in three groups; < 7.4% (57mmol/mol), 7.4-9.3% (57-78mmol/mol) and >9.3% (78mmol/mol), there was a higher proportion of females in the highest group during adolescence. In the group with the highest HbA1c values during adolescence and as adults, 51.7% were females, expected value 46.2%; in the group with low HbA1c values in both registries, 34.2% were females, p<0.001. As adults, more females had retinopathy, p<0.05. Females had higher mean HbA1c values at diagnosis, 11.2 vs. 10.9% (99 vs. 96mmol/mol), p<0.03, during adolescence, 8.5 vs. 8.2% (69 vs. 66mmol/mol) p<0.01, but not as young adults. CONCLUSIONS: Worse glycaemic control was found in adolescent females, and they had a higher frequency of microvascular complications. Improved paediatric diabetes care is of great importance for increasing the likelihood of lower mortality and morbidity later in life.
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