M Á Royo-Bordonada1, K León-Flández2, J Damián3, M J Bosqued-Estefanía4, M Á Moya-Geromini4, L López-Jurado4. 1. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: mroyo@isciii.es. 2. Departament of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. 3. Departament of Applied Epidemiology, National Center of Epidemiology, Madrid, Spain. 4. National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent and nature of food television advertising directed at children in Spain using an international food-based system and the United Kingdom nutrient profile model (UKNPM). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of advertisements of food and drinks shown on five television channels over 7 days in 2012 (8am-midnight). METHODS: Showing time and duration of each advertisement was recorded. Advertisements were classified as core (nutrient-rich/calorie-low products), non-core, or miscellaneous based on the international system, and either healthy/less healthy, i.e., high in saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, salt, or free sugars (HFSS), according to UKNPM. RESULTS: The food industry accounted for 23.7% of the advertisements (4212 out of 17,722) with 7.5 advertisements per hour of broadcasting. The international food-based coding system classified 60.2% of adverts as non-core, and UKNPM classified 64.0% as HFSS. Up to 31.5% of core, 86.8% of non-core, and 8.3% of miscellaneous advertisements were for HFSS products. The percentage of advertisements for HFSS products was higher during reinforced protected viewing times (69.0%), on weekends (71.1%), on channels of particular appeal to children and teenagers (67.8%), and on broadcasts regulated by the Spanish Code of self-regulation of the advertising of food products directed at children (70.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Both schemes identified that a majority of foods advertised were unhealthy, although some classification differences between the two systems are important to consider. The food advertising Code is not limiting Spanish children's exposure to advertisements for HFSS products, which were more frequent on Code-regulated broadcasts and during reinforced protected viewing time.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent and nature of food television advertising directed at children in Spain using an international food-based system and the United Kingdom nutrient profile model (UKNPM). STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of advertisements of food and drinks shown on five television channels over 7 days in 2012 (8am-midnight). METHODS: Showing time and duration of each advertisement was recorded. Advertisements were classified as core (nutrient-rich/calorie-low products), non-core, or miscellaneous based on the international system, and either healthy/less healthy, i.e., high in saturated fats, trans-fatty acids, salt, or free sugars (HFSS), according to UKNPM. RESULTS: The food industry accounted for 23.7% of the advertisements (4212 out of 17,722) with 7.5 advertisements per hour of broadcasting. The international food-based coding system classified 60.2% of adverts as non-core, and UKNPM classified 64.0% as HFSS. Up to 31.5% of core, 86.8% of non-core, and 8.3% of miscellaneous advertisements were for HFSS products. The percentage of advertisements for HFSS products was higher during reinforced protected viewing times (69.0%), on weekends (71.1%), on channels of particular appeal to children and teenagers (67.8%), and on broadcasts regulated by the Spanish Code of self-regulation of the advertising of food products directed at children (70.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Both schemes identified that a majority of foods advertised were unhealthy, although some classification differences between the two systems are important to consider. The food advertising Code is not limiting Spanish children's exposure to advertisements for HFSS products, which were more frequent on Code-regulated broadcasts and during reinforced protected viewing time.
Authors: Karimen León-Flández; Miguel Ángel Royo-Bordonada; María Ángeles Moya-Geromini; María José Bosqued-Estefanía; Lázaro López-Jurado; Javier Damián Journal: Int J Public Health Date: 2018-03-02 Impact factor: 3.380