Haleigh James1, Paul Lorentz2, Maria L Collazo-Clavell2. 1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. James.Haleigh@mayo.edu. 2. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is associated with nutrient deficiencies, but the optimal supplement regimen remains unclear. We assessed patient-reported adherence to and efficacy of Mayo Clinic's post-RYGB vitamin/mineral supplement protocol and the related incidence of common nutrient deficiencies. METHODS: Data were collected on 287 obese patients who underwent RYGB. Patient-reported supplement adherence was assessed via medication/supplement lists generated by medication reconciliation in hospital dismissal summaries and clinic notes at 6, 12, and 18-36 months postsurgery. Deficiencies were assessed via measurements of hemoglobin, ferritin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and vitamins A, E, and B12 in the setting of our supplementation protocol. RESULTS: Patient-reported adherence to multivitamin/minerals and subcutaneous vitamin B12 was sustained in >92 % of patients, correlating with low rates of vitamin A, E, and B12 deficiencies (4.9, 0, and 3.7 %, respectively). Rates of calcium supplementation decreased (94.1 to 78.7 %) while rates of vitamin D and iron use increased over time (39.7 to 65.8 and 6.3 to 23.1 %, respectively). At 18-36 months, vitamin D deficiency persisted in 16.2 % of patients, iron deficiency in 6.7 % of women and 17.2 % of men, and anemia in 12.2 % of women and 34.3 % of men. CONCLUSION: Compared to previous reports, we found a lower prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and excellent patient-reported adherence to a standardized multivitamin/mineral and vitamin B12 regimen. Continued prevalence of vitamin D deficiency prompts consideration of standardized vitamin D supplementation after RYGB. Anemia and iron deficiency were observed at lower rates than previously reported, but were more common in men compared to women.
BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is associated with nutrient deficiencies, but the optimal supplement regimen remains unclear. We assessed patient-reported adherence to and efficacy of Mayo Clinic's post-RYGB vitamin/mineral supplement protocol and the related incidence of common nutrient deficiencies. METHODS: Data were collected on 287 obesepatients who underwent RYGB. Patient-reported supplement adherence was assessed via medication/supplement lists generated by medication reconciliation in hospital dismissal summaries and clinic notes at 6, 12, and 18-36 months postsurgery. Deficiencies were assessed via measurements of hemoglobin, ferritin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and vitamins A, E, and B12 in the setting of our supplementation protocol. RESULTS:Patient-reported adherence to multivitamin/minerals and subcutaneous vitamin B12 was sustained in >92 % of patients, correlating with low rates of vitamin A, E, and B12 deficiencies (4.9, 0, and 3.7 %, respectively). Rates of calcium supplementation decreased (94.1 to 78.7 %) while rates of vitamin D and iron use increased over time (39.7 to 65.8 and 6.3 to 23.1 %, respectively). At 18-36 months, vitamin D deficiency persisted in 16.2 % of patients, iron deficiency in 6.7 % of women and 17.2 % of men, and anemia in 12.2 % of women and 34.3 % of men. CONCLUSION: Compared to previous reports, we found a lower prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and excellent patient-reported adherence to a standardized multivitamin/mineral and vitamin B12 regimen. Continued prevalence of vitamin D deficiency prompts consideration of standardized vitamin D supplementation after RYGB. Anemia and iron deficiency were observed at lower rates than previously reported, but were more common in men compared to women.
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