Beverly S Muhlhausler1, Lisa N Yelland2, Robyn McDermott3, Linda Tapsell4, Andrew McPhee5, Robert A Gibson6, Maria Makrides7. 1. Child Nutrition Research Centre, Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; FOODplus Research Centre, Department of Wine and Food Science, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and Schools of beverly.muhlhausler@adelaide.edu.au. 2. Child Nutrition Research Centre, Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; Public Health and. 3. School of Public Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical & Vet Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia; 4. Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia; 5. Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia; and. 6. Child Nutrition Research Centre, Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; FOODplus Research Centre, Department of Wine and Food Science, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine and Schools of. 7. Child Nutrition Research Centre, Women's and Children's Health Research Institute, Women's and Children's Hospital and Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia; Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has proven effective at reducing fat storage in animal studies. However, a systematic review of human trials showed a lack of quality data to support or refute this hypothesis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether maternal DHA supplementation during the second half of pregnancy results in a lower body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat in children. DESIGN: We conducted a follow-up at 3 and 5 y of age of children who were born to mothers enrolled in the DOMInO (DHA to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome) double-blind, randomized controlled trial, in which women with a singleton pregnancy were provided with DHA-rich fish-oil capsules (800 mg DHA/d) or vegetable-oil capsules (control group) in the second half of pregnancy. Primary outcomes were the BMI z score and percentage of body fat at 3 and 5 y of age. Potential interactions between prenatal DHA and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) genotype as a measure of the genetic predisposition to obesity were investigated. RESULTS: A total of 1614 children were eligible for the follow-up. Parent or caregiver consent was obtained for 1531 children (95%), and these children were included in the analysis. BMI z scores and percentages of body fat of children in the DHA group did not differ from those of children in the control group at either 3 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.03 (95% CI: -0.07, 0.13; P = 0.61); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: -0.26 (95% CI: -0.99, 0.46; P = 0.47)] or 5 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.08, 0.12; P = 0.66); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: 0.11 (95% CI: -0.60, 0.82; P = 0.75)]. No treatment effects were modified by the PPARγ genotype of the child. CONCLUSION: Independent of a genetic predisposition to obesity, maternal intake of DHA-rich fish oil during the second half of pregnancy does not affect the growth or body composition of children at 3 or 5 y of age. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN1260500056906 and ACTRN12611001127998.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has proven effective at reducing fat storage in animal studies. However, a systematic review of human trials showed a lack of quality data to support or refute this hypothesis. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether maternal DHA supplementation during the second half of pregnancy results in a lower body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat in children. DESIGN: We conducted a follow-up at 3 and 5 y of age of children who were born to mothers enrolled in the DOMInO (DHA to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome) double-blind, randomized controlled trial, in which women with a singleton pregnancy were provided with DHA-rich fish-oil capsules (800 mg DHA/d) or vegetable-oil capsules (control group) in the second half of pregnancy. Primary outcomes were the BMI z score and percentage of body fat at 3 and 5 y of age. Potential interactions between prenatal DHA and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) genotype as a measure of the genetic predisposition to obesity were investigated. RESULTS: A total of 1614 children were eligible for the follow-up. Parent or caregiver consent was obtained for 1531 children (95%), and these children were included in the analysis. BMI z scores and percentages of body fat of children in the DHA group did not differ from those of children in the control group at either 3 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.03 (95% CI: -0.07, 0.13; P = 0.61); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: -0.26 (95% CI: -0.99, 0.46; P = 0.47)] or 5 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.08, 0.12; P = 0.66); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: 0.11 (95% CI: -0.60, 0.82; P = 0.75)]. No treatment effects were modified by the PPARγ genotype of the child. CONCLUSION: Independent of a genetic predisposition to obesity, maternal intake of DHA-rich fish oil during the second half of pregnancy does not affect the growth or body composition of children at 3 or 5 y of age. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN1260500056906 and ACTRN12611001127998.
Authors: S J van Dijk; T J Peters; M Buckley; J Zhou; P A Jones; R A Gibson; M Makrides; B S Muhlhausler; P L Molloy Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-09-25 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Anna M Pauter; Sofia Trattner; Amanda Gonzalez-Bengtsson; Emanuela Talamonti; Abolfazl Asadi; Olga Dethlefsen; Anders Jacobsson Journal: J Lipid Res Date: 2016-11-18 Impact factor: 5.922
Authors: Brandon H Hidaka; Jocelynn M Thodosoff; Elizabeth H Kerling; Holly R Hull; John Colombo; Susan E Carlson Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2018-01-01 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Susan J van Dijk; Jing Zhou; Timothy J Peters; Michael Buckley; Brodie Sutcliffe; Yalchin Oytam; Robert A Gibson; Andrew McPhee; Lisa N Yelland; Maria Makrides; Peter L Molloy; Beverly S Muhlhausler Journal: Clin Epigenetics Date: 2016-11-04 Impact factor: 6.551
Authors: Byron A Foster; Elia Escaname; Theresa L Powell; Benjamin Larsen; Sartaj K Siddiqui; John Menchaca; Christian Aquino; Rajam Ramamurthy; Daniel E Hale Journal: Nutrients Date: 2017-06-02 Impact factor: 5.717