Lawrence Steinman1, Scott S Zamvil. 1. aDepartment of Neurology and Neurologic Sciences, Interdepartmental Program in Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford bDepartment of Neurology and Program in Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review discusses future directions in research on multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, as long-held beliefs about these diseases are undermined with data from recent clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS: Results of clinical trials for registration (phase 3) were reported in the last year. Anti-inflammatory approaches, such as daclizumab high-yield process targeting IL-2 receptor, and ocrelizumab targeting CD20 B cells, confirmed a beneficial role of immune suppression in relapsing-remitting disease. And now for the first time achieving the primary end point in primary progressive multiple sclerosis was attained with ocrelizumab. SUMMARY: The results in the past year challenge the long-held belief that relapsing-remitting disease is inflammatory, whereas progressive forms of the disease are 'less inflammatory' and more 'degenerative.'
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review discusses future directions in research on multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica, as long-held beliefs about these diseases are undermined with data from recent clinical trials. RECENT FINDINGS: Results of clinical trials for registration (phase 3) were reported in the last year. Anti-inflammatory approaches, such as daclizumab high-yield process targeting IL-2 receptor, and ocrelizumab targeting CD20 B cells, confirmed a beneficial role of immune suppression in relapsing-remitting disease. And now for the first time achieving the primary end point in primary progressive multiple sclerosis was attained with ocrelizumab. SUMMARY: The results in the past year challenge the long-held belief that relapsing-remitting disease is inflammatory, whereas progressive forms of the disease are 'less inflammatory' and more 'degenerative.'
Authors: Michel Varrin-Doyer; Kara L Pekarek; Collin M Spencer; Claude C A Bernard; Raymond A Sobel; Bruce A C Cree; Ulf Schulze-Topphoff; Scott S Zamvil Journal: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Date: 2016-09-21
Authors: Irene Pulido-Valdeolivas; Magí Andorrà; David Gómez-Andrés; Kunio Nakamura; Salut Alba-Arbalat; Erika J Lampert; Irati Zubizarreta; Sara Llufriu; Eloy Martinez-Heras; Elisabeth Solana; Nuria Sola-Valls; María Sepulveda; Ana Tercero-Uribe; Yolanda Blanco; Anna Camos-Carreras; Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau; Pablo Villoslada; Albert Saiz; Elena H Martinez-Lapiscina Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2020-08-07 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: João J Cerqueira; D Alastair S Compston; Ruth Geraldes; Mario M Rosa; Klaus Schmierer; Alan Thompson; Michela Tinelli; Jacqueline Palace Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2018-04-04 Impact factor: 10.154