Lukas Prantl1,2, Julia Schreml1,2, Sebastian Gehmert1,2, Silvan Klein1,2, Xiaowen Bai1,2, Katharina Zeitler1,2, Stephan Schreml1,2, Eckhard Alt1,2, Sanga Gehmert1,2, Oliver Felthaus1,2. 1. Regensburg and Cologne, Germany; Houston, Texas; and Milwaukee, Wis. 2. From the Center of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and the Departments of Pathology, Dermatology, and Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center; Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne; the Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center; and the Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The cause of the rare fat distribution disorder multiple symmetric lipomatosis is unknown. Independent reports suggest a higher proliferative activity, hormone resistance, and involvement of mitochondrial function in the disease. METHODS: The authors performed morphologic comparison of affected and unaffected tissues in five unrelated patients and generated adipose-derived stem cell cultures from the tissue samples and characterized them as a possible cellular model of multiple symmetric lipomatosis evolution. The authors investigated proliferative activity and the expression of genes relevant to disease processes. RESULTS: There was no difference in the morphologic appearance and the surface marker profile. Stem cells from lipomatous tissue showed significantly higher proliferative activity. Polymerase chain reaction arrays showed marked changes in genes associated with proliferation, hormonal regulation, and mitochondria. The authors show that multiple symmetric lipomatosis tissue is morphologically and histologically different from regular subcutaneous fat. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates an involvement of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis of multiple symmetric lipomatosis and that the evolution of multiple symmetric lipomatosis tissue is a process driven by an inherent defect of the respective cell clone(s). Further molecular genetics and functional analysis will be required to unravel the pathogenetic mechanism underlying the derailment in fat cell metabolism and proliferation. Here, the authors show for the first time that adipose-derived stem cells exhibit many characteristics previously described for native multiple symmetric lipomatosis fat tissue and propose that they are therefore an excellent tool for further functional investigations in multiple symmetric lipomatosis and other disorders of the fat tissue. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, V.
BACKGROUND: The cause of the rare fat distribution disorder multiple symmetric lipomatosis is unknown. Independent reports suggest a higher proliferative activity, hormone resistance, and involvement of mitochondrial function in the disease. METHODS: The authors performed morphologic comparison of affected and unaffected tissues in five unrelated patients and generated adipose-derived stem cell cultures from the tissue samples and characterized them as a possible cellular model of multiple symmetric lipomatosis evolution. The authors investigated proliferative activity and the expression of genes relevant to disease processes. RESULTS: There was no difference in the morphologic appearance and the surface marker profile. Stem cells from lipomatous tissue showed significantly higher proliferative activity. Polymerase chain reaction arrays showed marked changes in genes associated with proliferation, hormonal regulation, and mitochondria. The authors show that multiple symmetric lipomatosis tissue is morphologically and histologically different from regular subcutaneous fat. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates an involvement of mesenchymal stem cells in the pathogenesis of multiple symmetric lipomatosis and that the evolution of multiple symmetric lipomatosis tissue is a process driven by an inherent defect of the respective cell clone(s). Further molecular genetics and functional analysis will be required to unravel the pathogenetic mechanism underlying the derailment in fat cell metabolism and proliferation. Here, the authors show for the first time that adipose-derived stem cells exhibit many characteristics previously described for native multiple symmetric lipomatosis fat tissue and propose that they are therefore an excellent tool for further functional investigations in multiple symmetric lipomatosis and other disorders of the fat tissue. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, V.
Authors: Daniel Schiltz; Alexandra Anker; Christine Ortner; Sebastian Tschernitz; Michael Koller; Silvan Klein; Oliver Felthaus; Julia Schreml; Stephan Schreml; Lukas Prantl Journal: Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open Date: 2018-04-04
Authors: Lukas Prantl; Eva Brix; Sally Kempa; Oliver Felthaus; Andreas Eigenberger; Vanessa Brébant; Alexandra Anker; Catharina Strauss Journal: Cells Date: 2021-03-08 Impact factor: 6.600