Thermal stability of extracellular hemoglobin of Rhinodrilus alatus (HbRa): DLS and SAXS studies.

Oxy-HbRa thermal stability was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) at pH 5.0, 7.0, 8.0, and 9.0. DLS results show that oxy-HbRa, at pH 7.0 and 5.0, remains stable up to 56 °C, undergoing denaturation/aggregation in acidic media above 60 °C, followed by partial sedimentation of aggregates. At alkaline pH values 8.0 and 9.0, oxy-HbRa oligomeric dissociation is observed above 30 °C, before denaturation. SAXS data show that oxy-HbRa, at 20 °C, is in its native form, displaying radius of gyration (R g) and particle maximum dimension (D max) of 108 ± 1 and 300 ± 10 Å, respectively. Oxy-HbRa, at pH 7.0, undergoes denaturation/aggregation at 60 °C. At pH 5.0-6.0, HbRa thermal denaturation/aggregation start earlier, at 50 °C, accompanied by an increase of R g and D max values. However, an overlap of oligomeric dissociation and denaturation in the system is observed upon temperature increase, with an increase in R g and D max. Analysis of experimental p(r) curves as a linear combination of theoretical curves obtained for HbGp fragments from the crystal structure shows an increasing contribution of dodecamer (abcd)3 and tetramer (abcd) in solution, as a function of pH values (8.0 and 9.0) and temperature. Finally, our data show, for the first time, that oxy-HbRa, in neutral and acidic media, does not undergo oligomeric dissociation before denaturation, while in alkaline media the oligomeric dissociation process is an important step in the thermal denaturation.