O Girard1, F Brocherie1, K Tomazin2, A Farooq3, J-B Morin4. 1. ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. 2. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Sport, Ljubljana, Slovenia. 3. Aspetar - Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Athlete Health and Performance Research Centre, Doha, Qatar. 4. Laboratory of Human Motricity, Education Sport and Health (LAMHESS), University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, 261, Route de Grenoble, BP3259, 06205 Nice, Cedex 03, France. Electronic address: jean-benoit.morin@unice.fr.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Compare alterations in running mechanics during maximal treadmill sprints of different distances. METHODS: Eleven physically active males performed short (100-m), medium (200-m) and long (400-m) running sprints on an instrumented treadmill. Continuous measurement of running kinetics/kinematics and spring-mass characteristics were recorded and values subsequently averaged over every 50-m distance intervals for comparison. RESULTS: Compared with the initial 50m, running velocity decreased (P<0.001) by 8±2%, 20±4% and 39±7% at the end of the 100, 200 and 400-m, respectively. All sprint distances (except for step length in the 100-m) induced significantly longer (P<0.05) contact times (+7±4%, +22±8% and +36±13%) and lower step lengths (-1±4%, -5±5% and -41±2%) and frequencies (-6±3%, -13±7% and -22±8%) at the end of the 100-m, 200-m and 400-m, respectively. Larger reductions in ground reaction forces occurred in horizontal versus vertical direction, with greater changes with increasing sprinting distance (P<0.05). Similarly, the magnitude of decrement in vertical stiffness increased with sprint distance (P<0.05), while leg stiffness decreases were smaller and limited to 200-m and 400-m runs. Overall, we observed earlier and larger alterations for the 400-m compared with other distances. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of changes in running velocity and mechanics over short (100-m), medium (200-m) and long (400-m) treadmill sprints increases with sprint distance. The alterations in stride mechanics occur relatively earlier during the 400-m compared with the 100-m and 200-m runs.
PURPOSE: Compare alterations in running mechanics during maximal treadmill sprints of different distances. METHODS: Eleven physically active males performed short (100-m), medium (200-m) and long (400-m) running sprints on an instrumented treadmill. Continuous measurement of running kinetics/kinematics and spring-mass characteristics were recorded and values subsequently averaged over every 50-m distance intervals for comparison. RESULTS: Compared with the initial 50m, running velocity decreased (P<0.001) by 8±2%, 20±4% and 39±7% at the end of the 100, 200 and 400-m, respectively. All sprint distances (except for step length in the 100-m) induced significantly longer (P<0.05) contact times (+7±4%, +22±8% and +36±13%) and lower step lengths (-1±4%, -5±5% and -41±2%) and frequencies (-6±3%, -13±7% and -22±8%) at the end of the 100-m, 200-m and 400-m, respectively. Larger reductions in ground reaction forces occurred in horizontal versus vertical direction, with greater changes with increasing sprinting distance (P<0.05). Similarly, the magnitude of decrement in vertical stiffness increased with sprint distance (P<0.05), while leg stiffness decreases were smaller and limited to 200-m and 400-m runs. Overall, we observed earlier and larger alterations for the 400-m compared with other distances. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of changes in running velocity and mechanics over short (100-m), medium (200-m) and long (400-m) treadmill sprints increases with sprint distance. The alterations in stride mechanics occur relatively earlier during the 400-m compared with the 100-m and 200-m runs.
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