Kristin A Guertin1, Rachael K Grant1, Kathryn B Arnold2, Lindsay Burwell1, JoAnn Hartline2, Phyllis J Goodman2, Lori M Minasian3, Scott M Lippman4, Eric Klein5, Patricia A Cassano6. 1. Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 209 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. 2. SWOG Statistical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. 3. Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. 4. University of California San Diego Cancer Center, San Diego, CA, USA. 5. Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, USA. 6. Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 209 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: pac6@cornell.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking generates reactive oxidant species and contributes to systemic oxidative stress, which plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Nutrients with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E and selenium, are proposed to reduce systemic oxidative burden and thus to mitigate the negative health effects of reactive oxidant species. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether long-term supplementation with vitamin E and/or selenium reduces oxidative stress in smokers, as measured by urine 8-iso-prostaglandin F2-alpha (8-iso-PGF2α). DESIGN: We measured urine 8-iso-PGF2α with competitive enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 312 male current smokers after 36 months of intervention in a randomizedplacebo-controlled trial of vitamin E (400IU/d all rac-α-tocopheryl acetate) and/or selenium (200µg/d L-selenomethionine). We used linear regression to estimate the effect of intervention on urine 8-iso-PGF2α, with adjustments for age and race. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, vitamin E alone lowered urine 8-iso-PGF2α by 21% (p=0.02); there was no effect of combined vitamin E and selenium (intervention arm lower by 9%; p=0.37) or selenium alone (intervention arm higher by 8%; p=0.52). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term vitamin E supplementation decreases urine 8-iso-PGF2α among male cigarette smokers, but we observed little to no evidence for an effect of selenium supplementation, alone or combined with vitamin E.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking generates reactive oxidant species and contributes to systemic oxidative stress, which plays a role in the pathophysiology of chronic diseases. Nutrients with antioxidant properties, including vitamin E and selenium, are proposed to reduce systemic oxidative burden and thus to mitigate the negative health effects of reactive oxidant species. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to determine whether long-term supplementation with vitamin E and/or selenium reduces oxidative stress in smokers, as measured by urine 8-iso-prostaglandin F2-alpha (8-iso-PGF2α). DESIGN: We measured urine 8-iso-PGF2α with competitive enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in 312 male current smokers after 36 months of intervention in a randomized placebo-controlled trial of vitamin E (400IU/d all rac-α-tocopheryl acetate) and/or selenium (200µg/d L-selenomethionine). We used linear regression to estimate the effect of intervention on urine 8-iso-PGF2α, with adjustments for age and race. RESULTS: Compared to placebo, vitamin E alone lowered urine 8-iso-PGF2α by 21% (p=0.02); there was no effect of combined vitamin E and selenium (intervention arm lower by 9%; p=0.37) or selenium alone (intervention arm higher by 8%; p=0.52). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term vitamin E supplementation decreases urine 8-iso-PGF2α among male cigarette smokers, but we observed little to no evidence for an effect of selenium supplementation, alone or combined with vitamin E.
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