NEUTRAL LIPID AND CARBOHYDRATE PRODUCTIVITIES AS A RESPONSE TO NITROGEN STATUS IN ISOCHRYSIS SP. (T-ISO; HAPTOPHYCEAE): STARVATION VERSUS LIMITATION(1).

Partitioning of the carbon (C) fixed during photosynthesis between neutral lipids (NL) and carbohydrates was investigated in Isochrysis sp. (Haptophyceae) in relation to its nitrogen (N) status. Using batch and nitrate-limited continuous cultures, we studied the response of these energy reserve pools to both conditions of N starvation and limitation. During N starvation, NL and carbohydrate quotas increased but their specific growth rates (specific rates of variation, μCAR and μNL ) decreased. When cells were successively deprived and then resupplied with NO3 , both carbohydrates and neutral lipids were inversely related to the N quota (N:C). These negative relationships were not identical during N impoverishment and replenishment, indicating a hysteresis phenomenon between N and C reserve mobilizations. Cells acclimated to increasing degrees of N limitation in steady-state chemostat cultures showed decreasing NL quota and increasing carbohydrate quota. N starvation led to a visible but only transient increase of NL productivity. In continuous cultures, the highest NL productivity was obtained for the highest experimented dilution rate (D = 1.0 d(-1) ; i.e., for non N-limited growth conditions), whereas the highest carbohydrate productivity was obtained at D = 0.67 d(-1) . We used these results to discuss the nitrogen conditions that optimize NL productivities in the context of biofuel production.