Jie Bai1, Peng Wei2, Ning Zhao1, Ying Xiao1, Chunhui Yang3, Jun Zhong4, Yong Cai5, Yongchao Li6, Qin Zhu7, Xian Cao8, Li Sun9, Bing Wang10, Keqin Teng11, Shifeng Ling12, Hailai Ni1, Minghui Xie13, Jiping Tan14, Luning Wang14, Xiao-Mao Sun15, Wenjun Zhang1. 1. a Department of Geriatrics, Changhai hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China. 2. b Department of Cardiology , Xuzhou Central Hospital , Xuzhou , China. 3. c Department of Pathology, Rush Alzheimer's disease Center , Rush University Medical Center , Chicago , IL , USA. 4. d St. Elizabeths Hospital , Washington , DC , USA. 5. e PLA 62403 Troops, Shanghai General Logistics Department Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 6. f Shuidian Retired cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 7. g Xingyin Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 8. h Xiang'an Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 9. i Air Force Command College Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 10. j Navy Tiyuhui Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 11. k Xinhua Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 12. l Navy Liangchen Retired Cadre's Sanatorium , Shanghai , China. 13. m Department of intervention, Changhai hospital , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China. 14. n Department of Geriatrics , Chinese PLA General Hospital , Beijing , China. 15. o Joint Logistics, Department of the Nanjing Military Command , Retired Cadres Health Center , Shanghai , China.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hypertension has shown to be an important risk factor for the decline in cognitive function. Aim of our study is to investigate the presence of cognitive impairment of the elders with hypertension and other confounding factors. METHODS: This study was conducted on 400 veterans who were matched one-to-one with the confounding factors for assessing the presence of mild cognitive impairment using both MMSE and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The 13 related factors of patient data were studied. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of cognitive impairment was 29.25%. Age (OR 2.679, 95%CI 1.663-6.875), sleep impairment (OR 1.117, 95%CI 1.754-7.422), uncontrolled hypertension (OR 1.522, 95%CI 1.968-4.454), type 2 diabetes (OR 2.464, 95%CI 1.232-4.931), and hyperlipidaemia (OR 1.411, 95%CI 1.221-8.988) are the risk factors for the cognitive deterioration, while the protective factors are high level of education (OR 0.032, 95%CI 0.007-0.149) and regular exercise (OR 0.307, 95%CI 0.115-0.818). DISCUSSION: Because some vascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, can be treated effectively, cognitive decline related to these risk factors, and vascular disease per se, may be prevented or its course modified through more aggressive treatment and improved compliance.
INTRODUCTION:Hypertension has shown to be an important risk factor for the decline in cognitive function. Aim of our study is to investigate the presence of cognitive impairment of the elders with hypertension and other confounding factors. METHODS: This study was conducted on 400 veterans who were matched one-to-one with the confounding factors for assessing the presence of mild cognitive impairment using both MMSE and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The 13 related factors of patient data were studied. RESULTS: The prevalence rate of cognitive impairment was 29.25%. Age (OR 2.679, 95%CI 1.663-6.875), sleep impairment (OR 1.117, 95%CI 1.754-7.422), uncontrolled hypertension (OR 1.522, 95%CI 1.968-4.454), type 2 diabetes (OR 2.464, 95%CI 1.232-4.931), and hyperlipidaemia (OR 1.411, 95%CI 1.221-8.988) are the risk factors for the cognitive deterioration, while the protective factors are high level of education (OR 0.032, 95%CI 0.007-0.149) and regular exercise (OR 0.307, 95%CI 0.115-0.818). DISCUSSION: Because some vascular disease risk factors, such as hypertension, can be treated effectively, cognitive decline related to these risk factors, and vascular disease per se, may be prevented or its course modified through more aggressive treatment and improved compliance.