Alice Germa1, Céline Clément2, Michel Weissenbach3, Barbara Heude4, Anne Forhan5, Laetitia Martin-Marchand6, Mercedes Bonet7, Sibylle Vital8, Monique Kaminski9, Cathy Nabet10. 1. a Associate Professor, Paris Descartes University, Faculty of Odontology, Montrouge, France; INSERM, UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology (EPOPE) Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Paris, France; Hôpital Charles Foix, Ivry-sur-Seine, France. 2. b Associate Professor, Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France. 3. c Professor Emeritus, Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dental Surgery, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France. 4. d Senior Researcher, INSERM, UMR 1153, Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD) team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Villejuif, France. 5. e Research Engineer, INSERM, UMR 1153, Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD) team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Villejuif, France. 6. f Research Engineer, INSERM, UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology (EPOPE) Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Paris, France. 7. g Researcher, INSERM, UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology (EPOPE) Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Paris, France. 8. h Professor, Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Paris Descartes University, Montrouge, France. 9. i Senior Researcher, INSERM, UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal, and Pediatric Epidemiology (EPOPE) Team, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Sorbonne Paris Cité Research Center, Paris, France. 10. j Professor, Department of Dentistry, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors specific to posterior crossbite and anterior open bite at the age of 3 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 422 children of the French EDEN mother-child cohort. The main outcomes were the presence of posterior crossbite and anterior open bite assessed by dentists at 3 years. Social characteristics (collected during pregnancy), neonatal characteristics (collected at birth), duration of breast-feeding (collected prospectively), sucking habits at 3 years, and open lips (as a proxy for mouth breathing) were studied and two logistic regressions conducted. RESULTS: Preterm birth appears to be a risk factor specific for posterior crossbite (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.13-8.68), whereas small for gestational age seems to be associated with a lower risk of posterior crossbite (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.12-0.87). Ongoing pacifier or thumb sucking at 3 years is a risk factor for both posterior crossbite and anterior open bite. CONCLUSIONS: Children born preterm seem to be more at risk for posterior crossbite than those born at term. Different mechanisms may be involved in posterior crossbite and anterior open bite.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate risk factors specific to posterior crossbite and anterior open bite at the age of 3 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 422 children of the French EDEN mother-child cohort. The main outcomes were the presence of posterior crossbite and anterior open bite assessed by dentists at 3 years. Social characteristics (collected during pregnancy), neonatal characteristics (collected at birth), duration of breast-feeding (collected prospectively), sucking habits at 3 years, and open lips (as a proxy for mouth breathing) were studied and two logistic regressions conducted. RESULTS:Preterm birth appears to be a risk factor specific for posterior crossbite (OR: 3.13; 95% CI: 1.13-8.68), whereas small for gestational age seems to be associated with a lower risk of posterior crossbite (OR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.12-0.87). Ongoing pacifier or thumb sucking at 3 years is a risk factor for both posterior crossbite and anterior open bite. CONCLUSIONS:Children born preterm seem to be more at risk for posterior crossbite than those born at term. Different mechanisms may be involved in posterior crossbite and anterior open bite.
Entities:
Keywords:
Child; Crossbite; Epidemiology; Open bite; Orthodontics; Preterm birth
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