V G Dedkov1, A N Lukashev2, A A Deviatkin3, K V Kuleshov4, M V Safonova5, E M Poleshchuk6, J F Drexler7, G A Shipulin4. 1. Federal Budget Institute of Science Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Russian Inspectorate for Protection of Consumer Right and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia; RAS Institute of Occupational Health, Moscow, Russia. Electronic address: vgdedkov@yandex.ru. 2. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia; Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia. 3. Federal Budget Institute of Science Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Russian Inspectorate for Protection of Consumer Right and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia; RAS Institute of Occupational Health, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia. 4. Federal Budget Institute of Science Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Russian Inspectorate for Protection of Consumer Right and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia. 5. Federal Budget Institute of Science Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Russian Inspectorate for Protection of Consumer Right and Human Welfare, Moscow, Russia; Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Moscow, Russia. 6. Omsk Research Institute of Natural Foci Infections, Omsk, Russia. 7. Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rabies is prevalent in 150 countries and is definitely found in Russian Federation. The average registered incidence of rabies infection among animals in Russia is 3000 cases per year. At least 500,000 cases of animal bites and scratches are registered in the Russia every year, but only 2-4 cases of rabies infection in humans are reported per year. This relatively low incidence of rabies infection among humans is the result of a well-organized program of rabies surveillance and control as well as the readily available vaccination and immunoglobulin therapies. However, physician awareness of rabies infection in patients with acute encephalopathy is low, and some cases of rabies remain undiagnosed. OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study of autopsy materials from patients who died of encephalitis of unknown etiology in the Astrakhan region of Russia in 2003. STUDY DESIGN: A broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis followed by high throughput sequencing were used for the diagnosis. RESULTS: Two cases of rabies were detected and subsequently confirmed using a fluorescent antibody test, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a mouse inoculation test. Two strains of rabies virus were isolated and characterized using virological methods. The entire genome of each strain was sequenced.
BACKGROUND: Rabies is prevalent in 150 countries and is definitely found in Russian Federation. The average registered incidence of rabies infection among animals in Russia is 3000 cases per year. At least 500,000 cases of animal bites and scratches are registered in the Russia every year, but only 2-4 cases of rabies infection in humans are reported per year. This relatively low incidence of rabies infection among humans is the result of a well-organized program of rabies surveillance and control as well as the readily available vaccination and immunoglobulin therapies. However, physician awareness of rabies infection in patients with acute encephalopathy is low, and some cases of rabies remain undiagnosed. OBJECTIVES: A retrospective study of autopsy materials from patients who died of encephalitis of unknown etiology in the Astrakhan region of Russia in 2003. STUDY DESIGN: A broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis followed by high throughput sequencing were used for the diagnosis. RESULTS: Two cases of rabies were detected and subsequently confirmed using a fluorescent antibody test, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a mouse inoculation test. Two strains of rabies virus were isolated and characterized using virological methods. The entire genome of each strain was sequenced.
Authors: Andrey A Ayginin; Ekaterina V Pimkina; Alina D Matsvay; Anna S Speranskaya; Marina V Safonova; Ekaterina A Blinova; Ilya V Artyushin; Vladimir G Dedkov; German A Shipulin; Kamil Khafizov Journal: Adv Virol Date: 2018-08-12
Authors: Andrei A Deviatkin; Alexander N Lukashev; Mikhail M Markelov; Larisa V Gmyl; German A Shipulin Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-08-29 Impact factor: 4.379