Augusto Frederico Schmidt1, Frances Lilian Lanhellas Gonçalves2, Rebeca Lopes Figueira2, Federico Scorletti3, Jose Luis Peiró3, Lourenço Sbragia4. 1. Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 2. Laboratory of Experimental Fetal Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP: 14048-900, Brazil. 3. Division of Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. 4. Laboratory of Experimental Fetal Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, Ribeirao Preto, SP, CEP: 14048-900, Brazil. sbragia@fmrp.usp.br.
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of combined prenatal treatment with retinoic acid (RA) and tracheal occlusion (TO) on the pulmonary vascular morphology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and its receptors in a rat model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Rats were given nitrofen at 9 days of gestation followed by no treatment (CDH), RA (CDH + RA), TO (CDH + TO), or both (CDH + RA + TO) (n = 16). We measured the median wall thickness of the pulmonary arterioles (MWT) and analyzed the expression of VEGF and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2). RESULTS: Compared to control animals, CDH had increased MWT (44 ± 15 vs. 58 ± 7; p < 0.05) and decreased expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 (p < 0.05). Treatment with RA or TO alone, and RA + TO reduced the MWT (46 ± 9, 42 ± 11, 46 ± 8, respectively) and improved the expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 compared to CDH (p < 0.05). However, the combination of RA + TO did not confer additional benefit in the reduction of the MWT or in increasing the VEGF and its receptors compared to either treatment alone. CONCLUSION: Antenatal treatment with either RA or TO improved the MWT and expression of VEGF and its receptors in a CDH rat model. However, combined treatment with RA + TO was not superior to either treatment alone.
AIM: To investigate the effect of combined prenatal treatment with retinoic acid (RA) and tracheal occlusion (TO) on the pulmonary vascular morphology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and its receptors in a rat model of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Rats were given nitrofen at 9 days of gestation followed by no treatment (CDH), RA (CDH + RA), TO (CDH + TO), or both (CDH + RA + TO) (n = 16). We measured the median wall thickness of the pulmonary arterioles (MWT) and analyzed the expression of VEGF and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2). RESULTS: Compared to control animals, CDH had increased MWT (44 ± 15 vs. 58 ± 7; p < 0.05) and decreased expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 (p < 0.05). Treatment with RA or TO alone, and RA + TO reduced the MWT (46 ± 9, 42 ± 11, 46 ± 8, respectively) and improved the expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, and VEGFR2 compared to CDH (p < 0.05). However, the combination of RA + TO did not confer additional benefit in the reduction of the MWT or in increasing the VEGF and its receptors compared to either treatment alone. CONCLUSION: Antenatal treatment with either RA or TO improved the MWT and expression of VEGF and its receptors in a CDH rat model. However, combined treatment with RA + TO was not superior to either treatment alone.
Authors: Augusto F Schmidt; Frances L L Gonçalves; Azize C C Nassr; Luis A V D Pereira; Diana Farmer; Lourenço Sbragia Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2010-08 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Leonardus W J E Beurskens; Lieske H Schrijver; Dick Tibboel; Mark F Wildhagen; Maarten F C M Knapen; Jan Lindemans; Jeanne de Vries; Régine P M Steegers-Theunissen Journal: Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol Date: 2013-01-02