S Zwillinger1, M Paques2, B Safran3, C Baudouin4. 1. Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Center Inserm 1423, 75012 Paris, France. Electronic address: stephanie.zwillinger@gmail.com. 2. Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Center Inserm 1423, 75012 Paris, France; Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University Paris 6, institut de la vision, UMRS968, 75006 Paris, France. 3. Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Center Inserm 1423, 75012 Paris, France. 4. Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Clinical Investigation Center Inserm 1423, 75012 Paris, France; Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University Paris 6, institut de la vision, UMRS968, 75006 Paris, France; Ambroise-Paré hospital, AP-HP, IFR Paris, 92100 Île-de-France Ouest, France; University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, 78000 Versailles, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To characterize the in vivo morphology of human lamina cribrosa pores in healthy and glaucoma eyes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional, observational study, a flood-illumination adaptive optics fundus (FIAO) camera was used to perform in vivo, high-resolution, noninvasive imaging of the optic disc and lamina cribrosa in 30 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), in 15 healthy controls and in 14 healthy subjects with at least one direct relative with POAG. Two masked graders measured each visible lamina cribrosa pore along the major and minor axes in order to categorize pores as oval (minor/major axis ratio<0.75) or round. We used these same measurements to calculate pore surface area as a best-fit oval. RESULTS: Lamina cribrosa pores were visible in 95.2% of the subjects. In 52% of controls, the pores were visualized under the neuroretinal rim. In POAG patients, 78% of visible pores had an oval shape versus 19.4% in controls (P<0.01). Average pore surface area was significantly different (1561 px(2) versus 724 px(2); P<0.01). In healthy subjects with at least one direct relative with POAG, 21% had pores with an appearance comparable to that of subjects in the glaucoma group. CONCLUSION: On average, lamina cribrosa pores are elongated in POAG eyes and also in healthy eyes of POAG relatives. In vivo characterization of lamina cribrosa pore morphology by FIAO imaging may enhance our understanding of glaucoma, and offer new means for its early detection.
PURPOSE: To characterize the in vivo morphology of human lamina cribrosa pores in healthy and glaucoma eyes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional, observational study, a flood-illumination adaptive optics fundus (FIAO) camera was used to perform in vivo, high-resolution, noninvasive imaging of the optic disc and lamina cribrosa in 30 patients diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), in 15 healthy controls and in 14 healthy subjects with at least one direct relative with POAG. Two masked graders measured each visible lamina cribrosa pore along the major and minor axes in order to categorize pores as oval (minor/major axis ratio<0.75) or round. We used these same measurements to calculate pore surface area as a best-fit oval. RESULTS: Lamina cribrosa pores were visible in 95.2% of the subjects. In 52% of controls, the pores were visualized under the neuroretinal rim. In POAG patients, 78% of visible pores had an oval shape versus 19.4% in controls (P<0.01). Average pore surface area was significantly different (1561 px(2) versus 724 px(2); P<0.01). In healthy subjects with at least one direct relative with POAG, 21% had pores with an appearance comparable to that of subjects in the glaucoma group. CONCLUSION: On average, lamina cribrosa pores are elongated in POAG eyes and also in healthy eyes of POAG relatives. In vivo characterization of lamina cribrosa pore morphology by FIAO imaging may enhance our understanding of glaucoma, and offer new means for its early detection.
Authors: Andrew P Voorhees; Ning-Jiun Jan; Morgan E Austin; John G Flanagan; Jeremy M Sivak; Richard A Bilonick; Ian A Sigal Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2017-10-01 Impact factor: 4.799