Milagros Ruiz1, Peter Goldblatt2, Joana Morrison1, Daniela Porta3, Francesco Forastiere3, Daniel Hryhorczuk4, Youriy Antipkin5, Marie-Josèphe Saurel-Cubizolles6, Sandrine Lioret7, Martine Vrijheid8,9, Maties Torrent9,10, Carmen Iñiguez11, Isabel Larrañaga12,13, Chryssa Bakoula14, Alexandra Veltsista14, Manon van Eijsden15, Tanja G M Vrijkotte16, Lenka Andrýsková17, Ladislav Dušek17,18, Henrique Barros19,20, Sofia Correia19,20, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin21,22,23,24, Anja Taanila25, Johnny Ludvigsson26, Tomas Faresjö27, Michael Marmot1,2, Hynek Pikhart1. 1. Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK. 2. Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Health Equity, University College London, London, UK. 3. Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health System, Rome, Italy. 4. Center for Global Health, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. 5. Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Kyiv, Ukraine. 6. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. 7. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1153, Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. 8. Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain. 9. Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain. 10. IB-Salut Menorca Health Area, Balearic Islands, Spain. 11. FISABIO - Universitat Jaume I - Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Castellón de la Plana, Spain. 12. Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Gipuzkoa, Spain. 13. BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain. 14. First Department of Paediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. 15. Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 16. Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 17. Faculty of Science, Research Centre of Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 18. Institute of Biostatistics & Analyses (IBA), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 19. EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. 20. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal. 21. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE), Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK. 22. Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 23. Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. 24. Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 25. Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. 26. Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. 27. Department of Medicine and Health, Community Medicine/General Practice Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Comparable evidence on adiposity inequalities in early life is lacking across a range of European countries. This study investigates whether low maternal education is associated with overweight and obesity risk in children from distinct European settings during early childhood. METHODS: Prospective data of 45 413 children from 11 European cohorts were used. Children's height and weight obtained at ages 4-7 years were used to assess prevalent overweight and obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force definition. The Relative/Slope Indices of Inequality (RII/SII) were estimated within each cohort and by gender to investigate adiposity risk among children born to mothers with low education as compared to counterparts born to mothers with high education. Individual-data meta-analyses were conducted to obtain aggregate estimates and to assess heterogeneity between cohorts. RESULTS: Low maternal education yielded a substantial risk of early childhood adiposity across 11 European countries. Low maternal education yielded a mean risk ratio of 1.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 1.85) and a mean risk difference of 7.78% (5.34, 10.22) in early childhood overweight, respectively, measured by the RII and SII. Early childhood obesity risk by low maternal education was as substantial for all cohorts combined (RII = 2.61 (2.10, 3.23)) and (SII = 4.01% (3.14, 4.88)). Inequalities in early childhood adiposity were consistent among boys, but varied among girls in a few cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable inequalities in overweight and obesity are evident among European children in early life. Tackling early childhood adiposity is necessary to promote children's immediate health and well-being and throughout the life course.
BACKGROUND: Comparable evidence on adiposity inequalities in early life is lacking across a range of European countries. This study investigates whether low maternal education is associated with overweight and obesity risk in children from distinct European settings during early childhood. METHODS: Prospective data of 45 413 children from 11 European cohorts were used. Children's height and weight obtained at ages 4-7 years were used to assess prevalent overweight and obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force definition. The Relative/Slope Indices of Inequality (RII/SII) were estimated within each cohort and by gender to investigate adiposity risk among children born to mothers with low education as compared to counterparts born to mothers with high education. Individual-data meta-analyses were conducted to obtain aggregate estimates and to assess heterogeneity between cohorts. RESULTS: Low maternal education yielded a substantial risk of early childhood adiposity across 11 European countries. Low maternal education yielded a mean risk ratio of 1.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 1.85) and a mean risk difference of 7.78% (5.34, 10.22) in early childhood overweight, respectively, measured by the RII and SII. Early childhood obesity risk by low maternal education was as substantial for all cohorts combined (RII = 2.61 (2.10, 3.23)) and (SII = 4.01% (3.14, 4.88)). Inequalities in early childhood adiposity were consistent among boys, but varied among girls in a few cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable inequalities in overweight and obesity are evident among European children in early life. Tackling early childhood adiposity is necessary to promote children's immediate health and well-being and throughout the life course.
Authors: Danielle S Molnar; Diana Rancourt; Robert Schlauch; Xiaozhong Wen; Marilyn A Huestis; Rina D Eiden Journal: J Pediatr Psychol Date: 2017-07-01
Authors: Traci A Bekelman; Dana Dabelea; Jody M Ganiban; Andrew Law; Alexandra McGovern Reilly; Keri N Althoff; Noel Mueller; Carlos A Camargo; Cristiane S Duarte; Anne L Dunlop; Amy J Elliott; Assiamira Ferrara; Diane R Gold; Irva Hertz-Picciotto; Tina Hartert; Alison E Hipwell; Kathi Huddleston; Christine C Johnson; Margaret R Karagas; Catherine J Karr; Gurjit K Khurana Hershey; Leslie Leve; Somdat Mahabir; Cindy T McEvoy; Jenae Neiderhiser; Emily Oken; Andrew Rundle; Sheela Sathyanarayana; Christine Turley; Frances A Tylavsky; Sara E Watson; Rosalind Wright; Mingyu Zhang; Edward Zoratti Journal: Obesity (Silver Spring) Date: 2021-08-31 Impact factor: 9.298
Authors: Thora Wesenberg Kjaer; Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen; Rosalinda Medrano; Deena Elwan; Kala Mehta; Vibeke Brix Christensen; Janet M Wojcicki Journal: J Immigr Minor Health Date: 2019-02
Authors: Inga Petraviciene; Regina Grazuleviciene; Sandra Andrusaityte; Audrius Dedele; Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2018-03-05 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Sofus C Larsen; Jeanett F Rohde; Nanna J Olsen; Mina N Händel; Maria Stougaard; Jan Fahrenkrug; Berit L Heitmann Journal: PLoS One Date: 2019-03-08 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Pavel Piler; Vít Kandrnal; Lubomír Kukla; Lenka Andrýsková; Jan Švancara; Jirí Jarkovský; Ladislav Dušek; Hynek Pikhart; Martin Bobák; Jana Klánová Journal: Int J Epidemiol Date: 2017-10-01 Impact factor: 7.196