Michael D Ezekowitz1, John Eikelboom2, Jonas Oldgren3, Paul A Reilly4, Martina Brueckmann5, Anthony P Kent6, Janice Pogue2, Judith Spahr7, Andreas Clemens8, Herbert Noack8, Hans-Christoph Diener9, Lars Wallentin3, Salim Yusuf2, Stuart J Connolly2. 1. Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1999 Sproul Rd., Broomall, Philadelphia, PA, USA Lankenau Medical Center, Wynnewood, PA, USA michael.ezekowitz@comcast.net. 2. Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Canada. 3. Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala Clinical Research Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 4. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA. 5. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany Faculty of Medicine Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. 6. Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1999 Sproul Rd., Broomall, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 7. Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA. 8. Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany. 9. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Abstract
AIMS: The Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial allowed patients who completed the trial receiving their assigneddabigatran 150 mg (D150) or 110 mg (D110) twice a day to continue into the Long-term Multicenter Extension of Dabigatran Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (RELY-ABLE) trial. This permitted assessment of outcomes over a median of 4.6 and a maximum of 6.7 years, respectively. METHODS AND RESULTS:The analysed population included only those patients who completed RE-LY on dabigatran and continued into RELY-ABLE without interruption of assigned dabigatran. Cumulative risk was expressed as Kaplan-Meier plots. Outcomes were compared using Cox proportional hazard modelling. Stroke or systemic embolization rates were 1.25 and 1.54% per year (D150 and D110, respectively); hazard ratio (HR) 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.96] (P = 0.02). Ischaemic stroke was 1.03 (D150) and 1.29%/year (D110); HR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66-0.95) (P = 0.01). Haemorrhagic stroke rates were 0.11 (D150) and 0.13%/year (D110); HR 0.91 (95% CI: 0.51-1.62) (P = 0.75). Rates of major haemorrhage were 3.34 (D150) and 2.76%/year (D110); HR 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08-1.37) (P = 0.0008). Intracranial haemorrhage rates were 0.32 (D150) and 0.23%/year (D110); HR 1.37 (95% CI: 0.93-2.01) (P = 0.11). Mortality was 3.43 (D150) and 3.55%/year (D110); HR 0.97 (95% CI: 0.87-1.08) (P = 0.54). CONCLUSION: Annualized rates of all outcomes were constant with better efficacy of D150, less major bleeding with D110, and low intracerebral haemorrhage rates for both doses. There were no additional safety concerns. This is the longest continuous randomized experience of a novel anticoagulant. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
RCT Entities:
AIMS: The Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial allowed patients who completed the trial receiving their assigned dabigatran 150 mg (D150) or 110 mg (D110) twice a day to continue into the Long-term Multicenter Extension of Dabigatran Treatment in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (RELY-ABLE) trial. This permitted assessment of outcomes over a median of 4.6 and a maximum of 6.7 years, respectively. METHODS AND RESULTS: The analysed population included only those patients who completed RE-LY on dabigatran and continued into RELY-ABLE without interruption of assigned dabigatran. Cumulative risk was expressed as Kaplan-Meier plots. Outcomes were compared using Cox proportional hazard modelling. Stroke or systemic embolization rates were 1.25 and 1.54% per year (D150 and D110, respectively); hazard ratio (HR) 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.96] (P = 0.02). Ischaemic stroke was 1.03 (D150) and 1.29%/year (D110); HR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66-0.95) (P = 0.01). Haemorrhagic stroke rates were 0.11 (D150) and 0.13%/year (D110); HR 0.91 (95% CI: 0.51-1.62) (P = 0.75). Rates of major haemorrhage were 3.34 (D150) and 2.76%/year (D110); HR 1.22 (95% CI: 1.08-1.37) (P = 0.0008). Intracranial haemorrhage rates were 0.32 (D150) and 0.23%/year (D110); HR 1.37 (95% CI: 0.93-2.01) (P = 0.11). Mortality was 3.43 (D150) and 3.55%/year (D110); HR 0.97 (95% CI: 0.87-1.08) (P = 0.54). CONCLUSION: Annualized rates of all outcomes were constant with better efficacy of D150, less major bleeding with D110, and low intracerebral haemorrhage rates for both doses. There were no additional safety concerns. This is the longest continuous randomized experience of a novel anticoagulant. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
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