Beatriz Dominguez-Molina1, Agathe Leon2, Carmen Rodriguez3, Jose M Benito4, Cecilio Lopez-Galindez5, Felipe Garcia2, Jorge Del Romero3, Felix Gutierrez6, Pompeyo Viciana1, Jose Alcami7, Manuel Leal1, Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos1. 1. Laboratory of Immunovirology, Clinic Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital. 2. Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona. 3. Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC). 4. Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria-Fundacion Jimenez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM). 5. Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid. 6. Hospital General de Elche and Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante. 7. AIDS Immunopathology Unit, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) controllers have the striking ability to maintain viremia at extremely low or undetectable levels without antiretroviral treatment. Even though these patients have been widely studied, information about clinical outcomes, especially concerning to non-AIDS-defining events (nADEs), is scarce. We have analyzed the frequency and rate of nADEs and their associated factors in a large multicenter HIV controller cohort. METHODS: Data on nADEs were recorded for 320 HIV controllers within the multicenter Spanish AIDS Research Network HIV Controllers Cohort (ECRIS). Percentages and crude incidence rates (CIRs) per 100 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) were calculated for the entire follow-up period and for 2 separate periods: the period under control and the period after loss of control. These rates were compared with those for 632 noncontrollers. Demographic and immunological data collected from the controllers were included in a multivariate model to assess factors that were independently associated with nADEs in HIV controllers. RESULTS: HIV controllers experience nADEs, albeit at lower rates than patients who do not spontaneously control the virus (1.252 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .974-1.586] per 100 PYFU and 2.481 [95% CI, 2.153-2.845] per 100 PYFU, respectively; P < .001). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection was the main factor associated with nADEs in all of the studied periods. Although hepatic events were the most prevalent, they represented only approximately 30% of the total events. CIRs of cardiovascular events increased in the post-loss-of-control period. CONCLUSIONS: HCV/HIV coinfection was the main factor associated with hepatic and extrahepatic nADEs in HIV controllers. The eradication of HCV infection may ameliorate the presence of comorbidities in these patients.
BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) controllers have the striking ability to maintain viremia at extremely low or undetectable levels without antiretroviral treatment. Even though these patients have been widely studied, information about clinical outcomes, especially concerning to non-AIDS-defining events (nADEs), is scarce. We have analyzed the frequency and rate of nADEs and their associated factors in a large multicenter HIV controller cohort. METHODS: Data on nADEs were recorded for 320 HIV controllers within the multicenter Spanish AIDS Research Network HIV Controllers Cohort (ECRIS). Percentages and crude incidence rates (CIRs) per 100 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) were calculated for the entire follow-up period and for 2 separate periods: the period under control and the period after loss of control. These rates were compared with those for 632 noncontrollers. Demographic and immunological data collected from the controllers were included in a multivariate model to assess factors that were independently associated with nADEs in HIV controllers. RESULTS:HIV controllers experience nADEs, albeit at lower rates than patients who do not spontaneously control the virus (1.252 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .974-1.586] per 100 PYFU and 2.481 [95% CI, 2.153-2.845] per 100 PYFU, respectively; P < .001). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection was the main factor associated with nADEs in all of the studied periods. Although hepatic events were the most prevalent, they represented only approximately 30% of the total events. CIRs of cardiovascular events increased in the post-loss-of-control period. CONCLUSIONS:HCV/HIV coinfection was the main factor associated with hepatic and extrahepatic nADEs in HIV controllers. The eradication of HCV infection may ameliorate the presence of comorbidities in these patients.
Authors: Sara Ferrando-Martinez; Rebeca S De Pablo-Bernal; Marta De Luna-Romero; Santiago J De Ory; Miguel Genebat; Yolanda M Pacheco; Francisco J Parras; Marta Montero; Jose Ramón Blanco; Felix Gutierrez; Jesus Santos; Francisco Vidal; Richard A Koup; María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández; Manuel Leal; Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: B Dominguez-Molina; L Tarancon-Diez; S Hua; C Abad-Molina; E Rodriguez-Gallego; K Machmach; F Vidal; C Tural; S Moreno; J M Goñi; E Ramírez de Arellano; M Del Val; M F Gonzalez-Escribano; J Del Romero; C Rodriguez; L Capa; P Viciana; J Alcamí; X G Yu; B D Walker; Manuel Leal; M Lichterfeld; E Ruiz-Mateos Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-12-16 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: María Pernas; Laura Tarancón-Diez; Cecilio Lopez-Galindez; Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos; Esther Rodríguez-Gallego; Josep Gómez; Julia G Prado; Concepción Casado; Beatriz Dominguez-Molina; Isabel Olivares; Maite Coiras; Agathe León; Carmen Rodriguez; Jose Miguel Benito; Norma Rallón; Montserrat Plana; Onofre Martinez-Madrid; Marta Dapena; Jose Antonio Iribarren; Jorge Del Romero; Felipe García; José Alcamí; MaÁngeles Muñoz-Fernández; Francisco Vidal; Manuel Leal Journal: J Virol Date: 2018-02-12 Impact factor: 5.103