Upper limits of nutrients in infant formulas: polyunsaturated fatty acids and trans fatty acids.

As upper limits for standard infant formulas, it is suggested that n-6 fatty acids not exceed 20% of total fatty acids or 10% of total energy; that alpha-linolenic acid not exceed 3% and eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid not exceed 1% of total fatty acids; or that the sum of these n-3 fatty acids not exceed 2% of total energy. Trans fatty acids are not recommended for use in standard infant formulas. The rationale for these recommendations is presented in each case.