Paz Sobrino-Vegas1, Santiago Moreno2, Rafael Rubio3, Pompeyo Viciana4, José Ignacio Bernardino5, José Ramón Blanco6, Enrique Bernal7, Víctor Asensi8, Federico Pulido3, Julia del Amo9, Victoria Hernando9. 1. Red de Investigación en Sida, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: psobrino@isciii.es. 2. Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. 3. Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. 4. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain. 5. Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain. 6. Hospital San Pedro, La Rioja, Spain. 7. Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía, Murcia, Spain. 8. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. 9. Red de Investigación en Sida, Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the impact of late presentation (LP) on overall mortality and causes of death and describe LP trends and risk factors (2004-2013). METHODS: Cox models and logistic regression were used to analyze data from a nation-wide cohort in Spain. LP is defined as being diagnosed when CD4 < 350 cells/ml or AIDS. RESULTS: Of 7165 new HIV diagnoses, 46.9% (CI95%:45.7-48.0) were LP, 240 patients died. First-year mortality was the highest (aHRLP.vs.nLP = 10.3[CI95%:5.5-19.3]); between 1 and 4 years post-diagnosis, aHRLP.vs.nLP = 1.9(1.2-3.0); and >4 years, aHRLP.vs.nLP = 1.5(0.7-3.1). First-year's main cause of death was HIV/AIDS (73%); and malignancies among those surviving >4 years (32%). HIV/AIDS-related deaths were more likely in LP (59.2% vs. 25.0%; p < 0.001). LP declined from 55.9% (2004-05) to 39.4% (2012-13), and reduced in 46.1% in men who have sex with men (MSM) and 37.6% in heterosexual men, but increased in 22.6% in heterosexual women. Factors associated with LP: sex (ORMEN.vs.WOMEN = 1.4[1.2-1.7]); age (OR31-40.vs.<30 = 1.6[1.4-1.8], OR41-50.vs.<30 = 2.2[1.8-2.6], OR>50.vs.<30 = 3.6[2.9-4.4]); behavior (ORInjectedDrugUse.vs.MSM = 2.8[2.0-3.8]; ORHeterosexual.vs.MSM = 2.2[1.7-3.0]); education (ORPrimaryEducation.vs.University = 1.5[1.1-2.0], ORLowerSecondary.vs.University = 1.3[1.1-1.5]); and geographical origin (ORSub-Saharan.vs.Spain = 1.6[1.3-2.0], ORLatin-American.vs.Spain = 1.4[1.2-1.8]). CONCLUSIONS: LP is associated with higher mortality, especially short-term- and HIV/AIDS-related mortality. Mid-term-, but not long-term mortality, remained also higher in LP than nLP. LP decreased in MSM and heterosexual men, not in heterosexual women. The groups most affected by LP are low educated, non-Spanish and heterosexual women.
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the impact of late presentation (LP) on overall mortality and causes of death and describe LP trends and risk factors (2004-2013). METHODS: Cox models and logistic regression were used to analyze data from a nation-wide cohort in Spain. LP is defined as being diagnosed when CD4 < 350 cells/ml or AIDS. RESULTS: Of 7165 new HIV diagnoses, 46.9% (CI95%:45.7-48.0) were LP, 240 patients died. First-year mortality was the highest (aHRLP.vs.nLP = 10.3[CI95%:5.5-19.3]); between 1 and 4 years post-diagnosis, aHRLP.vs.nLP = 1.9(1.2-3.0); and >4 years, aHRLP.vs.nLP = 1.5(0.7-3.1). First-year's main cause of death was HIV/AIDS (73%); and malignancies among those surviving >4 years (32%). HIV/AIDS-related deaths were more likely in LP (59.2% vs. 25.0%; p < 0.001). LP declined from 55.9% (2004-05) to 39.4% (2012-13), and reduced in 46.1% in men who have sex with men (MSM) and 37.6% in heterosexual men, but increased in 22.6% in heterosexual women. Factors associated with LP: sex (ORMEN.vs.WOMEN = 1.4[1.2-1.7]); age (OR31-40.vs.<30 = 1.6[1.4-1.8], OR41-50.vs.<30 = 2.2[1.8-2.6], OR>50.vs.<30 = 3.6[2.9-4.4]); behavior (ORInjectedDrugUse.vs.MSM = 2.8[2.0-3.8]; ORHeterosexual.vs.MSM = 2.2[1.7-3.0]); education (ORPrimaryEducation.vs.University = 1.5[1.1-2.0], ORLowerSecondary.vs.University = 1.3[1.1-1.5]); and geographical origin (ORSub-Saharan.vs.Spain = 1.6[1.3-2.0], ORLatin-American.vs.Spain = 1.4[1.2-1.8]). CONCLUSIONS:LP is associated with higher mortality, especially short-term- and HIV/AIDS-related mortality. Mid-term-, but not long-term mortality, remained also higher in LP than nLP. LP decreased in MSM and heterosexual men, not in heterosexual women. The groups most affected by LP are low educated, non-Spanish and heterosexual women.
Authors: Lara Coelho; Peter F Rebeiro; Jessica L Castilho; Yanink Caro-Vega; Fernando A Mejia; Carina Cesar; Claudia P Cortes; Denis Padgett; Catherine C McGowan; Valdiléa G Veloso; Timothy R Sterling; Beatriz Grinsztejn; Bryan E Shepherd; Paula M Luz Journal: AIDS Patient Care STDS Date: 2018-08 Impact factor: 5.078