Stéphane Richard-Devantoy1, Yang Ding2, Gustavo Turecki2, Fabrice Jollant3. 1. McGill University, Department of Psychiatry & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire EA 4638, Université de Nantes et Angers, France. 2. McGill University, Department of Psychiatry & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal, Québec, Canada. 3. McGill University, Department of Psychiatry & Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Academic Hospital (CHU), Nîmes, France. Electronic address: fabrice.jollant@mcgill.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies using a modified Stroop test suggested that suicide attempters, in contrast to depressed patients with no suicidal history, display a particular attentional bias toward suicide-related cues. However, negative results have also been reported. In the present study, we collected new data and pooled them as part of a meta-analysis intended to shed further light on this question. METHOD: We conducted 1) a cross-sectional study comparing performance on the modified Stroop task for suicide-related, positively-valenced and negatively-valenced words in 33 suicide attempters and 46 patient controls with a history of mood disorders; 2) a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies comparing performance on the modified Stroop task among patients with vs. without a history of suicidal acts in mood disorders. RESULTS: The cross-sectional study showed no significant difference in interference scores for any type of words between suicide attempters and patient controls. A meta-analysis of four studies, including 233 suicide attempters and 768 patient controls, showed a significant but small attentional bias toward suicide-related words (Hedges'g=0.22, 95%CI [0.06-0.38], Z=2.73, p=0.006), but not negatively-valenced words (Hedges'g=0.06, 95%CI [-0.09-0.22], Z=0.77, p=0.4) in suicide attempters compared to patient controls. LIMITATIONS: Positively-valenced words and healthy controls could not be assessed in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: Our data support a selective information-processing bias among suicide attempters. Indirect evidence suggests that this effect would be state-related and may be a cognitive component of the suicidal crisis. However, we could not conclude about the clinical utility of this Stroop version at this stage.
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies using a modified Stroop test suggested that suicide attempters, in contrast to depressedpatients with no suicidal history, display a particular attentional bias toward suicide-related cues. However, negative results have also been reported. In the present study, we collected new data and pooled them as part of a meta-analysis intended to shed further light on this question. METHOD: We conducted 1) a cross-sectional study comparing performance on the modified Stroop task for suicide-related, positively-valenced and negatively-valenced words in 33 suicide attempters and 46 patient controls with a history of mood disorders; 2) a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies comparing performance on the modified Stroop task among patients with vs. without a history of suicidal acts in mood disorders. RESULTS: The cross-sectional study showed no significant difference in interference scores for any type of words between suicide attempters and patient controls. A meta-analysis of four studies, including 233 suicide attempters and 768 patient controls, showed a significant but small attentional bias toward suicide-related words (Hedges'g=0.22, 95%CI [0.06-0.38], Z=2.73, p=0.006), but not negatively-valenced words (Hedges'g=0.06, 95%CI [-0.09-0.22], Z=0.77, p=0.4) in suicide attempters compared to patient controls. LIMITATIONS: Positively-valenced words and healthy controls could not be assessed in the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION: Our data support a selective information-processing bias among suicide attempters. Indirect evidence suggests that this effect would be state-related and may be a cognitive component of the suicidal crisis. However, we could not conclude about the clinical utility of this Stroop version at this stage.
Authors: Kelly M Wilson; Alexander J Millner; Randy P Auerbach; Catherine R Glenn; Jaclyn C Kearns; Olivia J Kirtley; Sadia Najmi; Rory C O'Connor; Jeremy G Stewart; Christine B Cha Journal: Psychol Assess Date: 2019-05-09
Authors: Alejandro Interian; Catherine E Myers; Megan S Chesin; Anna Kline; Lauren St Hill; Arlene R King; Rachael Miller; Miriam Latorre; Michael A Gara; Barbara H Stanley; John G Keilp Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2019-10-18 Impact factor: 3.222
Authors: Melissa Deanna Shepard; Kate Perepezko; Martijn P G Broen; Jared Thomas Hinkle; Ankur Butala; Kelly A Mills; Julie Nanavati; Nicole Mercado Fischer; Paul Nestadt; Gregory Pontone Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2019-01-19 Impact factor: 10.154