Johanna Bråred Christensson1,2, Ann-Therese Karlberg2, Klaus E Andersen3, Magnus Bruze4, Jeanne D Johansen5, Begoña Garcia-Bravo6, Ana Giménez Arnau7, Chee-Leok Goh8, Rosemary Nixon9, Ian R White10. 1. Department of Dermatology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, 413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden. 2. Dermatochemistry, Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden. 3. Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark. 4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden. 5. The National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Dermato-allergology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark. 6. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Virgen Macarena, 41007, Seville, Spain. 7. Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Mar d'Investigacions Médiques, Universitat Autònoma, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. 8. National Skin Centre, 308205, Singapore, Singapore. 9. Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre, Skin and Cancer Foundation, 3053, Victoria, Australia. 10. Department of Cutaneous Allergy, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, SE1 7EH, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Limonene and linalool are common fragrance terpenes. Both oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool have recently been patch tested in an international setting, showing contact allergy in 5.2% and 6.9% of dermatitis patients, respectively. OBJECTIVE: To investigate concomitant reactions between oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool in consecutive dermatitis patients. METHODS: Oxidized R-limonene 3.0% (containing limonene hydroperoxides 0.33%) and oxidized linalool 6% (linalool hydroperoxides 1%) in petrolatum were tested in 2900 consecutive dermatitis patients in Australia, Denmark, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. RESULTS: A total of 281 patients reacted to either oxidized R-limonene or oxidized linalool. Of these, 25% had concomitant reactions to both compounds, whereas 29% reacted only to oxidized R-limonene and 46% only to oxidized linalool. Of the 152 patients reacting to oxidized R-limonene, 46% reacted to oxidized linalool, whereas 35% of the 200 patients reacting to oxidized linalool also reacted to oxidized R-limonene. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the patients (75%) reacted to only one of the oxidation mixtures, thus supporting the specificity of the reactions. The concomitant reactions to the two fragrance allergens suggest multiple sensitizations, which most likely reflect the exposure to the different fragrance materials in various types of consumer products. This is in accordance with what is generally seen for patch test reactions to fragrance materials.
BACKGROUND:Limonene and linalool are common fragrance terpenes. Both oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool have recently been patch tested in an international setting, showing contact allergy in 5.2% and 6.9% of dermatitispatients, respectively. OBJECTIVE: To investigate concomitant reactions between oxidized R-limonene and oxidized linalool in consecutive dermatitispatients. METHODS: Oxidized R-limonene 3.0% (containing limonene hydroperoxides 0.33%) and oxidized linalool 6% (linalool hydroperoxides 1%) in petrolatum were tested in 2900 consecutive dermatitispatients in Australia, Denmark, Singapore, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. RESULTS: A total of 281 patients reacted to either oxidized R-limonene or oxidized linalool. Of these, 25% had concomitant reactions to both compounds, whereas 29% reacted only to oxidized R-limonene and 46% only to oxidized linalool. Of the 152 patients reacting to oxidized R-limonene, 46% reacted to oxidized linalool, whereas 35% of the 200 patients reacting to oxidized linalool also reacted to oxidized R-limonene. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of the patients (75%) reacted to only one of the oxidation mixtures, thus supporting the specificity of the reactions. The concomitant reactions to the two fragrance allergens suggest multiple sensitizations, which most likely reflect the exposure to the different fragrance materials in various types of consumer products. This is in accordance with what is generally seen for patch test reactions to fragrance materials.
Authors: Vlad Dinu; Azad Kilic; Qingqi Wang; Charfedinne Ayed; Abdulmannan Fadel; Stephen E Harding; Gleb E Yakubov; Ian D Fisk Journal: NPJ Sci Food Date: 2020-10-07