Kira Bona1,2,3,4, Traci M Blonquist5, Donna S Neuberg5, Lewis B Silverman1,2,3, Joanne Wolfe1,2,3,4,6. 1. Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 2. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, Massachusetts. 3. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. 4. Division of Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. 5. Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts. 6. Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Population-based evidence suggests that lower socioeconomic status (SES) negatively impacts the overall survival (OS) of children with leukemia; however, the relationships between SES and treatment-related mortality, relapse, and timing of relapse remain unclear. PROCEDURE: We examined OS, event-free survival (EFS) and cumulative incidence (CI) and timing of relapse by community-level poverty for 575 children aged 1-18 years with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on consecutive phase III multicenter Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocols between 2000 and 2010. Children were categorized into high- and low-poverty areas for the analysis using aggregate U.S. Census data linked to zip code. RESULTS: Children living in high-poverty areas experienced a 5-year OS of 85% as compared with 92% for those in low-poverty areas (P = 0.02); poverty remained marginally significant (P = 0.07) after adjustment for immunophenotype, age, and white blood cell count. There were no differences detected in EFS or CI relapse by poverty area. However, 92% of the relapses observed in children from high-poverty areas occurred <36 months from complete remission, compared to 48% of those in children from low-poverty areas (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: U.S. children with ALL living in high-poverty areas have a higher risk of early relapse when compared with those living in low-poverty areas despite uniform treatment. This may in part explain decreased OS observed in these children. This finding highlights disparities in childhood cancer outcomes by SES despite uniform treatment. Further investigations of the mechanistic pathways underlying this finding are needed.
BACKGROUND: Population-based evidence suggests that lower socioeconomic status (SES) negatively impacts the overall survival (OS) of children with leukemia; however, the relationships between SES and treatment-related mortality, relapse, and timing of relapse remain unclear. PROCEDURE: We examined OS, event-free survival (EFS) and cumulative incidence (CI) and timing of relapse by community-level poverty for 575 children aged 1-18 years with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated on consecutive phase III multicenter Dana-Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium Protocols between 2000 and 2010. Children were categorized into high- and low-poverty areas for the analysis using aggregate U.S. Census data linked to zip code. RESULTS:Children living in high-poverty areas experienced a 5-year OS of 85% as compared with 92% for those in low-poverty areas (P = 0.02); poverty remained marginally significant (P = 0.07) after adjustment for immunophenotype, age, and white blood cell count. There were no differences detected in EFS or CI relapse by poverty area. However, 92% of the relapses observed in children from high-poverty areas occurred <36 months from complete remission, compared to 48% of those in children from low-poverty areas (P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: U.S. children with ALL living in high-poverty areas have a higher risk of early relapse when compared with those living in low-poverty areas despite uniform treatment. This may in part explain decreased OS observed in these children. This finding highlights disparities in childhood cancer outcomes by SES despite uniform treatment. Further investigations of the mechanistic pathways underlying this finding are needed.
Authors: Maya F Ilowite; Hasan Al-Sayegh; Clement Ma; Veronica Dussel; Abby R Rosenberg; Chris Feudtner; Tammy I Kang; Joanne Wolfe; Kira Bona Journal: Cancer Date: 2018-09-14 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: Daniel J Zheng; Kevin R Krull; Yan Chen; Lisa Diller; Yutaka Yasui; Wendy Leisenring; Pim Brouwers; Rebecca Howell; Jin-Shei Lai; Lyn Balsamo; Kevin C Oeffinger; Leslie L Robison; Gregory T Armstrong; Nina S Kadan-Lottick Journal: Cancer Date: 2018-06-11 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: Yimei Li; Joanna G Newton; Kelly D Getz; Yuan-Shung Huang; Alix E Seif; Brian T Fisher; Richard Aplenc; Lena E Winestone Journal: Pediatr Blood Cancer Date: 2018-12-26 Impact factor: 3.167
Authors: Daniel J Zheng; Derek Shyr; Clement Ma; Anna C Muriel; Joanne Wolfe; Kira Bona Journal: Pediatr Blood Cancer Date: 2018-08-01 Impact factor: 3.167
Authors: Elizabeth M Jaffee; Chi Van Dang; David B Agus; Brian M Alexander; Kenneth C Anderson; Alan Ashworth; Anna D Barker; Roshan Bastani; Sangeeta Bhatia; Jeffrey A Bluestone; Otis Brawley; Atul J Butte; Daniel G Coit; Nancy E Davidson; Mark Davis; Ronald A DePinho; Robert B Diasio; Giulio Draetta; A Lindsay Frazier; Andrew Futreal; Sam S Gambhir; Patricia A Ganz; Levi Garraway; Stanton Gerson; Sumit Gupta; James Heath; Ruth I Hoffman; Cliff Hudis; Chanita Hughes-Halbert; Ramy Ibrahim; Hossein Jadvar; Brian Kavanagh; Rick Kittles; Quynh-Thu Le; Scott M Lippman; David Mankoff; Elaine R Mardis; Deborah K Mayer; Kelly McMasters; Neal J Meropol; Beverly Mitchell; Peter Naredi; Dean Ornish; Timothy M Pawlik; Jeffrey Peppercorn; Martin G Pomper; Derek Raghavan; Christine Ritchie; Sally W Schwarz; Richard Sullivan; Richard Wahl; Jedd D Wolchok; Sandra L Wong; Alfred Yung Journal: Lancet Oncol Date: 2017-10-31 Impact factor: 41.316