QSAR study of the acute toxicity to fathead minnow based on a large dataset.

Acute fathead minnow toxicity is an important basis of hazard and risk assessment for compounds in the aquatic environment. In this paper, a large dataset consisting of 963 organic compounds with acute toxicity towards fathead minnow was studied with a QSAR approach. All molecular structures of compounds were optimized by the hybrid density functional theory method. Dragon molecular descriptors and log Kow were selected to describe molecular information. Genetic algorithm and multiple linear regression analysis were combined to develop models. A global prediction model for compounds without known mode of action and two local models for organic compounds that exhibit narcosis toxicity and excess toxicity were developed, respectively. For all developed models, internal validations were performed by cross-validation and external validations were implemented by the setting of validation set. In addition, applicability domains of models were evaluated using a leverage method and outliers were listed and checked using toxicological knowledge.