Aniruddha Agarwal1, Ramandeep Singh2, Aman Sharma3, Vishali Gupta2, Mangat R Dogra2. 1. a Stanley M. Truhlsen Eye Institute , University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha , Nebraska , USA. 2. b Department of Ophthalmology , Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) , Chandigarh , India. 3. c Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) , Chandigarh , India.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare changes in the demographic profile and ocular manifestations in patients with HIV in the pre-HAART and HAART era in North India. METHODS: In this single-center cross-sectional study, 100 HIV patients receiving HAART and 96 HIV patients in the pre-HAART era were enrolled. Prevalence of ocular manifestations of HIV was calculated for both cohorts. RESULTS: The prevalence of ocular manifestations was not statistically different in the two eras (38%, SE: 4.85% in HAART era; 41.67%, SE: 5% in pre-HAART era) (p = 0.60). Mean CD4 counts were lower in the pre-HAART era compared with the HAART era (p < 0.001). In the HAART era, cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and HIV retinopathy continued to remain the most common infectious and non-infectious cause of visual morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: While the introduction of HAART has resulted in a major impact on the overall health of patients with HIV, the spectrum of ocular disease remains largely unchanged in developing countries such as India.
PURPOSE: To compare changes in the demographic profile and ocular manifestations in patients with HIV in the pre-HAART and HAART era in North India. METHODS: In this single-center cross-sectional study, 100 HIVpatients receiving HAART and 96 HIVpatients in the pre-HAART era were enrolled. Prevalence of ocular manifestations of HIV was calculated for both cohorts. RESULTS: The prevalence of ocular manifestations was not statistically different in the two eras (38%, SE: 4.85% in HAART era; 41.67%, SE: 5% in pre-HAART era) (p = 0.60). Mean CD4 counts were lower in the pre-HAART era compared with the HAART era (p < 0.001). In the HAART era, cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and HIV retinopathy continued to remain the most common infectious and non-infectious cause of visual morbidity. CONCLUSIONS: While the introduction of HAART has resulted in a major impact on the overall health of patients with HIV, the spectrum of ocular disease remains largely unchanged in developing countries such as India.
Entities:
Keywords:
AIDS; HAART; HIV retinopathy; India; cytomegalovirus retinitis; pre-HAART era
Authors: E Schaftenaar; N S Khosa; G S Baarsma; C Meenken; J A McINTYRE; A D M E Osterhaus; G M G M Verjans; R P H Peters Journal: Epidemiol Infect Date: 2017-05-19 Impact factor: 4.434