Henry Namme Luma1, Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka Eloumou2, Agnes Malongue3, Elvis Temfack4, Dominique Noah Noah5, Olivier Donfack-Sontsa6, Ivo Che Ditah7. 1. Douala General Hospital, PO Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Electronic address: hnluma@yahoo.com. 2. Douala General Hospital, PO Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon. 3. Douala General Hospital, PO Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon. 4. Douala General Hospital, PO Box 4856, Douala, Cameroon; Paris Descartes University, Paris, France. 5. Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 6. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK. 7. Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem, especially in resource-limited settings where many patients are diagnosed at the stage of complications. In Cameroon, where HCV is endemic, little is known about the clinical, biological, and virological profile of HCV-infected patients. METHODS: A clinical case note review of all patients positive for antibodies against HCV diagnosed at the gastroenterology outpatient clinic of the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon, from January 2008 to December 2014, was performed. RESULTS: A total of 524 patients were included in the study, 53% of whom were female. The mean age was 56±13 years. A history of blood transfusion and a history of scarification were the most common potential risk factors for HCV exposure, as found in 16% and 13% of the study population, respectively. Current alcohol use was found in 24% of patients. Co-infection with hepatitis B virus and HIV was 3.6% and 3.4%, respectively. Among the patients, 39% had no complaint at diagnosis; only 16% were diagnosed through a routine medical checkup. Clinically, the most common finding was hepatomegaly (26.1% of patients). Transaminases above the upper limit of normal were found in 55.2% of patients, particularly those aged >57 years (p=0.001). Genotypes 1 (43.95%), 2 (25.11%), and 4 (28.25%) were the most common. Liver cirrhosis was present in 11% of patients and hepatocellular carcinoma in 4%, the latter being more common in males (p<0.001) and in those aged >57 years (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In the gastroenterology clinic of Douala General Hospital, while almost 40% of patients who were anti-HCV antibody-positive were asymptomatic and diagnosed fortuitously, some already presented complications, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is an urgent need to put in place programs to increase awareness and diagnosis of HCV infection and to develop extensive and targeted anti-HCV treatment guidelines to improve the management of these patients in Cameroon.
INTRODUCTION:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem, especially in resource-limited settings where many patients are diagnosed at the stage of complications. In Cameroon, where HCV is endemic, little is known about the clinical, biological, and virological profile of HCV-infectedpatients. METHODS: A clinical case note review of all patients positive for antibodies against HCV diagnosed at the gastroenterology outpatient clinic of the Douala General Hospital, Cameroon, from January 2008 to December 2014, was performed. RESULTS: A total of 524 patients were included in the study, 53% of whom were female. The mean age was 56±13 years. A history of blood transfusion and a history of scarification were the most common potential risk factors for HCV exposure, as found in 16% and 13% of the study population, respectively. Current alcohol use was found in 24% of patients. Co-infection with hepatitis B virus and HIV was 3.6% and 3.4%, respectively. Among the patients, 39% had no complaint at diagnosis; only 16% were diagnosed through a routine medical checkup. Clinically, the most common finding was hepatomegaly (26.1% of patients). Transaminases above the upper limit of normal were found in 55.2% of patients, particularly those aged >57 years (p=0.001). Genotypes 1 (43.95%), 2 (25.11%), and 4 (28.25%) were the most common. Liver cirrhosis was present in 11% of patients and hepatocellular carcinoma in 4%, the latter being more common in males (p<0.001) and in those aged >57 years (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: In the gastroenterology clinic of Douala General Hospital, while almost 40% of patients who were anti-HCV antibody-positive were asymptomatic and diagnosed fortuitously, some already presented complications, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. There is an urgent need to put in place programs to increase awareness and diagnosis of HCV infection and to develop extensive and targeted anti-HCV treatment guidelines to improve the management of these patients in Cameroon.
Authors: Henry N Luma; Servais A F B Eloumou; Dominique N Noah; B Aude Eyenga; Georges Nko'Ayissi; T Sylvie Taku; Agnes Malongue; Olivier Donfack-Sontsa; Ivo C Ditah Journal: J Clin Exp Hepatol Date: 2018-01-12
Authors: Jean Joel Bigna; Marie A Amougou; Serra Lem Asangbeh; Angeladine Malaha Kenne; Steve Raoul N Noumegni; Elodie T Ngo-Malabo; Jean Jacques Noubiap Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2017-06-30 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Liza Coyer; Oudou Njoya; Richard Njouom; Tatiana Mossus; Mathurin Pierre Kowo; Frida Essomba; Alexander Boers; Roel Coutinho; Pascale Ondoa Journal: Trop Med Int Health Date: 2020-07-05 Impact factor: 2.622