Hannah Kraicer-Melamed1, Shauna O'Donnell1, Caroline Quach2. 1. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; MUHC Vaccine Study Centre - Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; MUHC Vaccine Study Centre - Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Quebec Institute of Public Health, Montreal, QC, Canada. Electronic address: caroline.quach@mcgill.ca.
Abstract
UNLABELLED: Two pneumococcal vaccines currently exist and have been recommended for the prevention of pneumococcal infection in adults 65 years of age and older: the 23-valent polysaccharide (PPV23) and the conjugate 13-valent (PCV13) vaccine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and summarize the results from all studies reporting on the vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in individuals over the age of 50. METHODS: Systematic database searches were completed in PubMed, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Google Scholar and hand searches of seminal articles and past systematic reviews were employed. Studies were included if they independently evaluated the effect of PPV23 on IPD and/or CAP in adults (50+). Data extraction and quality assessment were both completed independently by two researchers. Quality was assessed using the National Advisory Committee on Immunization methodology for quality assessment. All conflicts were resolved by consensus. RESULTS: The vaccine effectiveness for PPV23 in preventing IPD was 50% (95% CI: 21%-69%) for cohort studies and 54% (95% CI: 32%-69%) for case-control studies. The VE estimates for CAP were 4% (95% CI: -26%-26%) for trials, 17% (95% CI: -26%-45%) for cohort studies, and 7% (95% CI: -10%-21%) for case-control studies. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing IPD and all-cause CAP was consistent with past systematic reviews and similar to the estimates that were reported in the CAPiTA trial evaluating the vaccine effectiveness of PCV13. Consistent benefits were also reported across ecological studies and reports of surveillance data for the general population 50 years and older. The results suggests that the current practice of vaccinating the adults 65 years of age and older with PPV23 would have similar benefits to PCV13 in preventing potential cases of all-serotype IPD and all-cause CAP.
UNLABELLED: Two pneumococcal vaccines currently exist and have been recommended for the prevention of pneumococcal infection in adults 65 years of age and older: the 23-valent polysaccharide (PPV23) and the conjugate 13-valent (PCV13) vaccine. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and summarize the results from all studies reporting on the vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in individuals over the age of 50. METHODS: Systematic database searches were completed in PubMed, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Google Scholar and hand searches of seminal articles and past systematic reviews were employed. Studies were included if they independently evaluated the effect of PPV23 on IPD and/or CAP in adults (50+). Data extraction and quality assessment were both completed independently by two researchers. Quality was assessed using the National Advisory Committee on Immunization methodology for quality assessment. All conflicts were resolved by consensus. RESULTS: The vaccine effectiveness for PPV23 in preventing IPD was 50% (95% CI: 21%-69%) for cohort studies and 54% (95% CI: 32%-69%) for case-control studies. The VE estimates for CAP were 4% (95% CI: -26%-26%) for trials, 17% (95% CI: -26%-45%) for cohort studies, and 7% (95% CI: -10%-21%) for case-control studies. CONCLUSIONS: The vaccine effectiveness of PPV23 in preventing IPD and all-cause CAP was consistent with past systematic reviews and similar to the estimates that were reported in the CAPiTA trial evaluating the vaccine effectiveness of PCV13. Consistent benefits were also reported across ecological studies and reports of surveillance data for the general population 50 years and older. The results suggests that the current practice of vaccinating the adults 65 years of age and older with PPV23 would have similar benefits to PCV13 in preventing potential cases of all-serotype IPD and all-cause CAP.
Authors: Alan Kaplan; Pierre Arsenault; Brian Aw; Vivien Brown; George Fox; Ron Grossman; Taj Jadavji; Craig Laferrière; Suzanne Levitz; Mark Loeb; Andrew McIvor; Christopher H Mody; Yannick Poulin; Marla Shapiro; Dominique Tessier; Francois Théorêt; Karl Weiss; John Yaremko; George Zhanel Journal: Can Fam Physician Date: 2019-09 Impact factor: 3.275
Authors: Cornelius Remschmidt; Thomas Harder; Ole Wichmann; Christian Bogdan; Gerhard Falkenhorst Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2016-11-25 Impact factor: 3.090