Yeonsil Moon1, Seol-Heui Han1,2, Won-Jin Moon2,3. 1. Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 2. Center for Geriatric Neuroscience Research, Institute of Biomedical Science, Konkuk Medical Science Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Radiology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that the excessive accumulation of iron in subcortical and deep gray matter has been related to dementia. However, the presence and pattern of iron accumulation in vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are rarely investigated. OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare the pattern and presence of brain iron accumulation of VaD and AD using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with VaD, 27 patients with AD, and 18 control subjects were recruited in this institutional review-board approved study. Susceptibility maps were reconstructed from a three-dimensional multiecho spoiled gradient-echo sequence. Four regions of interest were drawn manually on QSM images, namely the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate nucleus, and pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus. Comparisons of patient demographics, and iron concentrations among the VaD, AD, and control subjects were assessed using analysis of variance and post-hoc analyses. The relationships of age and cognitive state with susceptibility values were assessed using partial correlation analysis. RESULTS: In VaD and AD, overall susceptibility values were higher than those of control subjects. A significant difference in susceptibility values was found in the putamen and caudate nucleus (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, susceptibility values did not differ between VaD and AD. Age and cognitive deficit severity were not related to susceptibility values in the VaD and AD groups. CONCLUSION: Increased iron deposition in the putamen and caudate nucleus in VaD and AD patients was not associated with age or the severity of cognitive deficits. Further evaluations are needed to determine the temporal changes in iron load and their diagnostic role in dementia pathology.
BACKGROUND: Emerging evidence suggests that the excessive accumulation of iron in subcortical and deep gray matter has been related to dementia. However, the presence and pattern of iron accumulation in vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are rarely investigated. OBJECTIVE: To examine and compare the pattern and presence of brain iron accumulation of VaD and AD using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve patients with VaD, 27 patients with AD, and 18 control subjects were recruited in this institutional review-board approved study. Susceptibility maps were reconstructed from a three-dimensional multiecho spoiled gradient-echo sequence. Four regions of interest were drawn manually on QSM images, namely the globus pallidus, putamen, caudate nucleus, and pulvinar nucleus of the thalamus. Comparisons of patient demographics, and iron concentrations among the VaD, AD, and control subjects were assessed using analysis of variance and post-hoc analyses. The relationships of age and cognitive state with susceptibility values were assessed using partial correlation analysis. RESULTS: In VaD and AD, overall susceptibility values were higher than those of control subjects. A significant difference in susceptibility values was found in the putamen and caudate nucleus (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, susceptibility values did not differ between VaD and AD. Age and cognitive deficit severity were not related to susceptibility values in the VaD and AD groups. CONCLUSION: Increased iron deposition in the putamen and caudate nucleus in VaD and ADpatients was not associated with age or the severity of cognitive deficits. Further evaluations are needed to determine the temporal changes in iron load and their diagnostic role in dementia pathology.
Authors: Yi Wang; Pascal Spincemaille; Zhe Liu; Alexey Dimov; Kofi Deh; Jianqi Li; Yan Zhang; Yihao Yao; Kelly M Gillen; Alan H Wilman; Ajay Gupta; Apostolos John Tsiouris; Ilhami Kovanlikaya; Gloria Chia-Yi Chiang; Jonathan W Weinsaft; Lawrence Tanenbaum; Weiwei Chen; Wenzhen Zhu; Shixin Chang; Min Lou; Brian H Kopell; Michael G Kaplitt; David Devos; Toshinori Hirai; Xuemei Huang; Yukunori Korogi; Alexander Shtilbans; Geon-Ho Jahng; Daniel Pelletier; Susan A Gauthier; David Pitt; Ashley I Bush; Gary M Brittenham; Martin R Prince Journal: J Magn Reson Imaging Date: 2017-03-10 Impact factor: 4.813
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