Karim Makdoumi1, Anders Bäckman2. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. karim.makdoumi@regionorebrolan.se. 2. Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the bactericidal effect of clinical ultraviolet A (UVA) settings used in photoactivated chromophore for infectious keratitis (PACK)-collagen cross-linking (CXL) in antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant bacterial strains. METHODS: Well-characterized bacterial strains from clinical isolates, without and with antibiotic resistance, were studied in a pairwise comparison. The evaluated pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. Bacteria were dispersed in PBS and diluted to a concentration of approximately 4 × 105 /ml. Riboflavin was added to a concentration of 0.01%. By spreading the solution on a microscope slide, a fluid film layer, with a thickness of around 400 mm, was formed and UVA exposure followed. Eight separate exposures were made for each strain (n = 8). The degree of elimination in resistant and non-resistant pathogens was compared. RESULTS: The bactericidal efficacy of exposure differed between the tested microorganisms, and the mean elimination ranged between 60 and 92%, being most extensive in both of the evaluated Pseudomonas strains and least in the E. faecalis strains. Similar reductions were seen in antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant strains, with the exception of S. aureus, in which the resistant strain metchicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was eradicated in a greater extent than the non-resistant strain (P = 0.030). CONCLUSION: UVA-riboflavin settings used in PACK-CXL are effective in reducing both antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance does not appear to be protective against the photooxidative exposure.
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the bactericidal effect of clinical ultraviolet A (UVA) settings used in photoactivated chromophore for infectious keratitis (PACK)-collagen cross-linking (CXL) in antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant bacterial strains. METHODS: Well-characterized bacterial strains from clinical isolates, without and with antibiotic resistance, were studied in a pairwise comparison. The evaluated pathogens were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. Bacteria were dispersed in PBS and diluted to a concentration of approximately 4 × 105 /ml. Riboflavin was added to a concentration of 0.01%. By spreading the solution on a microscope slide, a fluid film layer, with a thickness of around 400 mm, was formed and UVA exposure followed. Eight separate exposures were made for each strain (n = 8). The degree of elimination in resistant and non-resistant pathogens was compared. RESULTS: The bactericidal efficacy of exposure differed between the tested microorganisms, and the mean elimination ranged between 60 and 92%, being most extensive in both of the evaluated Pseudomonas strains and least in the E. faecalis strains. Similar reductions were seen in antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant strains, with the exception of S. aureus, in which the resistant strain metchicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was eradicated in a greater extent than the non-resistant strain (P = 0.030). CONCLUSION: UVA-riboflavin settings used in PACK-CXL are effective in reducing both antibiotic-resistant and non-resistant bacteria. Antibiotic resistance does not appear to be protective against the photooxidative exposure.
Authors: Anja Suter; Sarah Schmitt; Ella Hübschke; Malwina Kowalska; Sonja Hartnack; Simon Pot Journal: BMC Vet Res Date: 2022-08-17 Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Patrick B Rapuano; Alexandra H Scanameo; Daeryl E Amponin; Sefy A Paulose; Mariya Zyablitskaya; Anna Takaoka; Leejee H Suh; Takayuki Nagasaki; Stephen L Trokel; David C Paik Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Date: 2018-01-01 Impact factor: 4.799