BACKGROUND: Interleukin-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ are some of the crucial cytokines associated with HIV infection and pathogenesis. While IL-2 and IFN-γ play critical roles in host resistance to infection, IL-10 inhibits the synthesis IFN-γ, IL-2 at mRNA and protein level; exacerbating damage to immune system. OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of, changes in and correlation between CD4 count, viral load, IL-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ before HAART and at six months of HAART among HIV positive patients in Kigali; with a view to understand cytokine networks particularly in relation to HAART; and to see whether they can be used as alternative markers of the disease progression. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Kagugu, Kimironko, Biryogo, Gitega Health Centres and Centre Medico-Social Cornum; all located in Kigali. SUBJECTS: Thirty three (33) HAART initiation eligible HIV positive patients including 13 women and 20 men. RESULTS: A drop in viral load (though only a small number of patients achieved an undetectable viraemia); a recovery of CD4+ cells, a decrease in IL-10 (though it remained high for many patients especially those with unchanged viraemia); and an increase in IL-2 and IFN-γ indicated a successful HAART. A negative correlation between CD4 count and viral load and between CD4 count and IL-10 (but r < -0.5) was observed. IL-10 correlated positively and strongly with viremia (r > 0.5 at both time points: p-values < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between CD4 count, IL-2 and IFN-y. CONCLUSION: Results demonstrated the down-regulatory effect of IL-10 on Th1 cytokines and that a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine is associated with HIV disease progression. A successful HAART results in CD4+ cells recovery, drop in viraemia and IL-10 with up-regulation of Th1 cytokines. Also, findings show potential usefulness of IL-10 as a marker of HIV disease progression.
BACKGROUND:Interleukin-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ are some of the crucial cytokines associated with HIV infection and pathogenesis. While IL-2 and IFN-γ play critical roles in host resistance to infection, IL-10 inhibits the synthesis IFN-γ, IL-2 at mRNA and protein level; exacerbating damage to immune system. OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of, changes in and correlation between CD4 count, viral load, IL-10, IL-2 and IFN-γ before HAART and at six months of HAART among HIV positive patients in Kigali; with a view to understand cytokine networks particularly in relation to HAART; and to see whether they can be used as alternative markers of the disease progression. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Kagugu, Kimironko, Biryogo, Gitega Health Centres and Centre Medico-Social Cornum; all located in Kigali. SUBJECTS: Thirty three (33) HAART initiation eligible HIV positive patients including 13 women and 20 men. RESULTS: A drop in viral load (though only a small number of patients achieved an undetectable viraemia); a recovery of CD4+ cells, a decrease in IL-10 (though it remained high for many patients especially those with unchanged viraemia); and an increase in IL-2 and IFN-γ indicated a successful HAART. A negative correlation between CD4 count and viral load and between CD4 count and IL-10 (but r < -0.5) was observed. IL-10 correlated positively and strongly with viremia (r > 0.5 at both time points: p-values < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between CD4 count, IL-2 and IFN-y. CONCLUSION: Results demonstrated the down-regulatory effect of IL-10 on Th1 cytokines and that a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine is associated with HIV disease progression. A successful HAART results in CD4+ cells recovery, drop in viraemia and IL-10 with up-regulation of Th1 cytokines. Also, findings show potential usefulness of IL-10 as a marker of HIV disease progression.
Authors: John E Lewis; Steven E Atlas; Muhammad H Abbas; Ammar Rasul; Ashar Farooqi; Laura A Lantigua; Frederick Michaud; Sharon Goldberg; Lucas C Lages; Jinrun Gao; Oscar L Higuera; Andrea Fiallo; Philip D Harvey; Eduard Tiozzo; Judi M Woolger; Stephanie Ciraula; Armando Mendez; Allan Rodriguez; Janet Konefal Journal: J Clin Transl Res Date: 2020-04-13
Authors: Justin Harper; Susan P Ribeiro; Chi Ngai Chan; Malika Aid; Claire Deleage; Luca Micci; Maria Pino; Barbara Cervasi; Gopalan Raghunathan; Eric Rimmer; Gulesi Ayanoglu; Guoxin Wu; Neeta Shenvi; Richard Jo Barnard; Gregory Q Del Prete; Kathleen Busman-Sahay; Guido Silvestri; Deanna A Kulpa; Steven E Bosinger; Kirk A Easley; Bonnie J Howell; Dan Gorman; Daria J Hazuda; Jacob D Estes; Rafick-Pierre Sekaly; Mirko Paiardini Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2022-04-15 Impact factor: 19.456