Bone metastasis as a non-stochastic process.

Bone metastasis may be considered a non-stochastic process, since the blood flow in bone is lower than that in other organs and most cancers do not have a tendency to metastasize to bone in in vivo experiments. Furthermore, the experimental model of bone metastasis, based on the ligation of major venous flow, can not explain the wide-spread bone metastasis which is commonly observed in clinical cases. These observations may be explained by the hypothesis that tumor cells have a phenotype for translocating to specific tissues and that tumor cell growth is controlled by the microenvironmental factors in situ.