Carmen S Miguel1, Paula A Martins2, Nathalya Moleda3, Margarete Klein4, Tiffany Chaim-Avancini5, Maria A Gobbo4, Tania M Alves4, Maria A Silva4, Mario R Louzã6. 1. Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785-3° Andar, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: carmen1sil@yahoo.com.br. 2. Program for Early Evaluation and Treatment of Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785-3° Andar, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 3. Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação, 930, 01302-907 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 4. Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785-3° Andar, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5. (LIM-21, Laboratory for Medical Research 21), specializing in Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 6. Research Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785-3° Andar, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Program for Early Evaluation and Treatment of Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 785-3° Andar, 05403-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common comorbidity in adults with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However,there have been few studies on cognitive profiles of these patients. Impulsivity is also commonly increased in both disorders. The central aim of this study was to compare cognition and impulsivity in subjects who had ADHD and cocaine dependence (ADHD+COC group) to those with ADHD only (ADHD-noSUD group). We hypothesized that the ADHD+COC group would show more marked cognitive dysfunction and greater impulsivity than their counterparts with ADHD only. METHODS: A total of 70 adult patients diagnosed with ADHD according to (DSM-IV-TR) criteria were enrolled; 36 with ADHD+COC and 34 with ADHD-noSUD. All study participants were evaluated with a sociodemographic questionnaire; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; the Addiction Severity Index; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; and a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. RESULTS: Compared to individuals with ADHD-noSUD, ADHD+COC individuals had significantly lower mean IQ and higher motor impulsivity. On average, the ADHD+COC group also performed more poorly on tasks assessing verbal skills, vigilance, implicit learning during decision making, and ADHD-noSUD performed more poorly on selective attention, information processing, and visual search. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the integrative theory of ADHD based on the cognitive and affective neuroscience model, and suggests that ADHD-noSUD patients have impairments in cognitive regulation, while ADHD+COC patients have impairments in both cognitive and affective regulation.
BACKGROUND: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common comorbidity in adults with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However,there have been few studies on cognitive profiles of these patients. Impulsivity is also commonly increased in both disorders. The central aim of this study was to compare cognition and impulsivity in subjects who had ADHD and cocaine dependence (ADHD+COC group) to those with ADHD only (ADHD-noSUD group). We hypothesized that the ADHD+COC group would show more marked cognitive dysfunction and greater impulsivity than their counterparts with ADHD only. METHODS: A total of 70 adult patients diagnosed with ADHD according to (DSM-IV-TR) criteria were enrolled; 36 with ADHD+COC and 34 with ADHD-noSUD. All study participants were evaluated with a sociodemographic questionnaire; the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale; the Addiction Severity Index; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test; the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; and a comprehensive neurocognitive battery. RESULTS: Compared to individuals with ADHD-noSUD, ADHD+COC individuals had significantly lower mean IQ and higher motor impulsivity. On average, the ADHD+COC group also performed more poorly on tasks assessing verbal skills, vigilance, implicit learning during decision making, and ADHD-noSUD performed more poorly on selective attention, information processing, and visual search. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the integrative theory of ADHD based on the cognitive and affective neuroscience model, and suggests that ADHD-noSUDpatients have impairments in cognitive regulation, while ADHD+COC patients have impairments in both cognitive and affective regulation.
Authors: Annie P Odell; Grace L Reynolds; Dennis G Fisher; Loucine M Huckabay; William C Pedersen; Pamela Xandre; Milica Miočević Journal: J Nerv Ment Dis Date: 2017-05 Impact factor: 2.254
Authors: Christoffer Brynte; Myriam Aeschlimann; Csaba Barta; Alex Hendikus Abraham Begeman; Amanda Bäcker; Cleo Lina Crunelle; Constanza Daigre; Laura De Fuentes-Merillas; Zsolt Demetrovics; Geert Dom; Lara Grau López; Romain Icick; Brian Johnson; Peter Joostens; Máté Kapitány-Fövény; Emily Karsinti; Falk Kiefer; Maija Konstenius; Frances R Levin; Mathias Luderer; Wiebren Markus; Frieda Matthys; Franz Moggi; Raul Felipe Palma-Alvarez; Maria Paraskevopoulou; J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; Arnt Schellekens; Leila M Soravia; Norman Therribout; Anil Thomas; Geurt van de Glind; Michiel Willem van Kernebeek; Sabine Vollstädt-Klein; Florence Vorspan; Wim van den Brink; Johan Franck Journal: BMC Psychiatry Date: 2022-09-23 Impact factor: 4.144