Jacqueline Stowkowy1, Lu Liu2, Kristin S Cadenhead3, Tyrone D Cannon4, Barbara A Cornblatt5, Thomas H McGlashan4, Diana O Perkins6, Larry J Seidman7, Ming T Tsuang3, Elaine F Walker8, Scott W Woods4, Carrie E Bearden9, Daniel H Mathalon10, Jean Addington2. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada. stowkowy@ucalgary.ca. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada. 3. Department of Psychiatry, UCSD, La Jolla, CA, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Long Island, NY, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 8. Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 9. Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 10. Department of Psychiatry, UCSF, San Francisco, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: There is evidence to suggest that both early traumatic experiences and perceived discrimination are associated with later onset of psychosis. Less is known about the impact these two factors may have on conversion to psychosis in those who are at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if trauma and perceived discrimination were predictors of conversion to psychosis. METHODS: The sample consisted of 764 individuals who were at CHR of developing psychosis and 280 healthy controls. All participants were assessed on past trauma, bullying and perceived discrimination. RESULTS: Individuals at CHR reported significantly more trauma, bullying and perceived discrimination than healthy controls. Only perceived discrimination was a predictor of later conversion to psychosis. CONCLUSIONS: Given that CHR individuals are reporting increased rates of trauma and perceived discrimination, these should be routinely assessed, with the possibility of offering interventions aimed at ameliorating the impact of past traumas as well as improving self-esteem and coping strategies in an attempt to reduce perceived discrimination.
PURPOSE: There is evidence to suggest that both early traumatic experiences and perceived discrimination are associated with later onset of psychosis. Less is known about the impact these two factors may have on conversion to psychosis in those who are at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. The purpose of this study was to determine if trauma and perceived discrimination were predictors of conversion to psychosis. METHODS: The sample consisted of 764 individuals who were at CHR of developing psychosis and 280 healthy controls. All participants were assessed on past trauma, bullying and perceived discrimination. RESULTS: Individuals at CHR reported significantly more trauma, bullying and perceived discrimination than healthy controls. Only perceived discrimination was a predictor of later conversion to psychosis. CONCLUSIONS: Given that CHR individuals are reporting increased rates of trauma and perceived discrimination, these should be routinely assessed, with the possibility of offering interventions aimed at ameliorating the impact of past traumas as well as improving self-esteem and coping strategies in an attempt to reduce perceived discrimination.
Entities:
Keywords:
Clinical high risk; Perceived discrimination; Prodrome; Psychosis; Risk; Trauma
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