Lu Liu1,2, Wai Chen3,4,5, Silia Vitoratou5, Li Sun1,2, Xiaoyan Yu1,2, Gareth Hagger-Johnson6, Zhaomin Wu1,2, Li Yang1,2, Qiujin Qian1,2, Yufeng Wang1,2. 1. 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing, China. 2. 2 Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China. 3. 3 Department of Child and Adolesenct Psychiatry, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. 4. 4 Complex Attention and Hyperactivity Disorders Service (CAHDS), Department of Health, Western Australia, Perth, Australia. 5. 5 Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK. 6. 6 Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Emotional lability (EL) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) frequently co-occur with ADHD. This study evaluates whether EL merely represents the negative "mood/affect" component of ODD or forms a distinct dimension. METHOD: EL and ODD data from 1,317 ADHD participants were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for binary data. RESULTS: Within ADHD, 39.4% children had ODD and 42.6% had EL. A sizable proportion expressed only either ODD or EL: 16.6% had ODD-only, 19.7% had EL-only, and 22.9% expressed both. In both EFA and CFA, EL forms a separate dimension from ODD items and the "mood/affect" subdimensions (whether classified by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [5th ed.; DSM-5] or the Burke et al. models or the de novo ODD subdimensions derived from our data). This factorial structure remains invariant across gender. CONCLUSION: EL is distinct from ODD and its "mood/affect" subdimensions. In line with emerging evidence, our findings provide further evidence of factorial validity for EL as a separate construct from ODD.
OBJECTIVE: Emotional lability (EL) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) frequently co-occur with ADHD. This study evaluates whether EL merely represents the negative "mood/affect" component of ODD or forms a distinct dimension. METHOD: EL and ODD data from 1,317 ADHDparticipants were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for binary data. RESULTS: Within ADHD, 39.4% children had ODD and 42.6% had EL. A sizable proportion expressed only either ODD or EL: 16.6% had ODD-only, 19.7% had EL-only, and 22.9% expressed both. In both EFA and CFA, EL forms a separate dimension from ODD items and the "mood/affect" subdimensions (whether classified by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [5th ed.; DSM-5] or the Burke et al. models or the de novo ODD subdimensions derived from our data). This factorial structure remains invariant across gender. CONCLUSION: EL is distinct from ODD and its "mood/affect" subdimensions. In line with emerging evidence, our findings provide further evidence of factorial validity for EL as a separate construct from ODD.
Authors: Elise M Cardinale; Gabrielle F Freitag; Melissa A Brotman; Daniel S Pine; Ellen Leibenluft; Katharina Kircanski Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2021-01-10 Impact factor: 13.113