Yong-Ping Wang1, Terry B J Kuo2,3,4,5,6,7,8, Jia-Yi Li2,3, Chun-Ting Lai2,3, Cheryl C H Yang9,10,11,12. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 2. Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan. 3. Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 5. Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 6. Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 7. Division of Translational Medicine, Stroke and Neurovascular Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 8. Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 9. Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nong Street, Taipei, 11221, Taiwan. cchyang@ym.edu.tw. 10. Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. cchyang@ym.edu.tw. 11. Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. cchyang@ym.edu.tw. 12. Department of Education and Research, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. cchyang@ym.edu.tw.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The frequency of breathing influences the spectral powers of heart rate variability (HRV) as well as the magnitudes of heart rate deceleration capacity (DC) and acceleration capacity (AC). We compared the strength of their relationships under different breathing frequencies. METHODS: We studied 14 healthy young adults who breathed spontaneously and controlled their breathing rates to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 Hz in a supine position. A 5-min R-R interval time series without movement artefacts or ectopic beats was obtained for each study period. Spectral indices were defined as the square roots of spectral powers in the very low frequency (0.01-0.04 Hz), low frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz), high frequency (0.15-0.4 Hz) and respiratory frequency bands. We also combined these frequency bands into LHF (0.04-0.4 Hz) and VLHF (0.01-0.4 Hz). DC and AC were obtained using phase rectified signal averaging. RESULTS: DC and AC were significantly correlated with all indices of HRV. The within-subject correlation coefficients for the LHF index had the greatest absolute values (0.953 and -0.919, respectively). DC and AC had different strength of relationships with the LHF index, but became comparable (0.954 vs. -0.943) when the data obtained under 0.1-Hz breathing were excluded. CONCLUSION: DC is strongly correlated with the spectral index of the LHF band, indicating that they are controlled by similar influences under the conditions used in this study. AC is less related to the LHF index due to the fact that its magnitude deceases during 0.1-Hz breathing.
PURPOSE: The frequency of breathing influences the spectral powers of heart rate variability (HRV) as well as the magnitudes of heart rate deceleration capacity (DC) and acceleration capacity (AC). We compared the strength of their relationships under different breathing frequencies. METHODS: We studied 14 healthy young adults who breathed spontaneously and controlled their breathing rates to 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 Hz in a supine position. A 5-min R-R interval time series without movement artefacts or ectopic beats was obtained for each study period. Spectral indices were defined as the square roots of spectral powers in the very low frequency (0.01-0.04 Hz), low frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz), high frequency (0.15-0.4 Hz) and respiratory frequency bands. We also combined these frequency bands into LHF (0.04-0.4 Hz) and VLHF (0.01-0.4 Hz). DC and AC were obtained using phase rectified signal averaging. RESULTS:DC and AC were significantly correlated with all indices of HRV. The within-subject correlation coefficients for the LHF index had the greatest absolute values (0.953 and -0.919, respectively). DC and AC had different strength of relationships with the LHF index, but became comparable (0.954 vs. -0.943) when the data obtained under 0.1-Hz breathing were excluded. CONCLUSION:DC is strongly correlated with the spectral index of the LHF band, indicating that they are controlled by similar influences under the conditions used in this study. AC is less related to the LHF index due to the fact that its magnitude deceases during 0.1-Hz breathing.
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