Preoperative evaluation, preparation, and timing of orthotopic liver transplantation in the adult.

Orthotopic liver transplantation can provide a large number of patients with end-stage liver disease an opportunity for significant improvement in long-term survival and quality of life. Transplantation should not be considered a last-ditch attempt to save a dying patient. Early referral of patients to transplant centers will allow for further improvement in survival of patients after transplantation. Ongoing communication between the referring physician and the transplant team is important in keeping abreast of changes in the patient's status so that optimal timing of the transplant may be achieved.