Gita Gale1, Gudmundur Vignir Sigurdsson, Sofia Östman, Petter Malmborg, Karin Högkil, Bengt Hasséus, Mats Jontell, Robert Saalman. 1. *Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; †Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; ‡Department of Infectious Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; §Department of Women's and Children's Health, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; and ‖Paediatric Dentistry, Eastman Institute, Public Dental Health, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) may present as a separate clinical entity, it often seems in conjunction with various systemic diseases, of which Crohn's disease (CD) is one of the most common. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CD with concomitant OFG represents a distinctive disease subtype. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with CD and concomitant OFG (CD+OFG group) were included in the study. As the reference group, a cohort of 39 patients with CD but without OFG (CD-R group) was used. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were recorded at the time of diagnosis. The 2 groups were compared using multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The percentage of patients with intestinal inflammation in the upper gastrointestinal tract was significantly higher in the CD+OFG group, as compared with the CD-R group (81% versus 33%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, ileocolonic inflammation was significantly more common in the CD+OFG patients (81% versus 46%; P = 0.013). In addition, perianal disease was more frequently observed in the CD+OFG group (48% versus 18%; P = 0.033). Significantly more patients showed evidence of granulomas in the primary endoscopy in the CD+OFG group than in the CD-R group (81% versus 38%; P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The data from this study suggest that the presence of CD in conjunction with OFG represents a distinctive subphenotype of CD that is characterized by extensive inflammation, perianal disease, and pronounced granuloma formation in the intestine.
BACKGROUND: Although orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) may present as a separate clinical entity, it often seems in conjunction with various systemic diseases, of which Crohn's disease (CD) is one of the most common. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CD with concomitant OFG represents a distinctive disease subtype. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with CD and concomitant OFG (CD+OFG group) were included in the study. As the reference group, a cohort of 39 patients with CD but without OFG (CD-R group) was used. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were recorded at the time of diagnosis. The 2 groups were compared using multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The percentage of patients with intestinal inflammation in the upper gastrointestinal tract was significantly higher in the CD+OFG group, as compared with the CD-R group (81% versus 33%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, ileocolonic inflammation was significantly more common in the CD+OFG patients (81% versus 46%; P = 0.013). In addition, perianal disease was more frequently observed in the CD+OFG group (48% versus 18%; P = 0.033). Significantly more patients showed evidence of granulomas in the primary endoscopy in the CD+OFG group than in the CD-R group (81% versus 38%; P = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The data from this study suggest that the presence of CD in conjunction with OFG represents a distinctive subphenotype of CD that is characterized by extensive inflammation, perianal disease, and pronounced granuloma formation in the intestine.
Authors: Alexander Mentzer; Shalini Nayee; Yasmin Omar; Esther Hullah; Kirstin Taylor; Rishi Goel; Hannah Bye; Tarik Shembesh; Timothy R Elliott; Helen Campbell; Pritash Patel; Anita Nolan; John Mansfield; Stephen Challacombe; Michael Escudier; Christopher G Mathew; Jeremy D Sanderson; Natalie J Prescott Journal: Inflamm Bowel Dis Date: 2016-07 Impact factor: 5.325