Jung Su Lee1, Gita Mishra2, Kunihiko Hayashi3, Etsuko Watanabe4, Katsumi Mori4, Kiyoshi Kawakubo5. 1. Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: jslee@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp. 2. School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, QLD, Australia. 3. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan. 4. Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, Kyoritsu Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Various eating behaviors have been linked with body weight management. However, combined effects of major eating behaviors are not fully understood. This study aimed to clarify the association of the combination of eating quickly (EQ), late evening meals (LEM), and skipping breakfast (SB) with being overweight. METHOD: A cross-sectional study with standardized questions for EQ, LEM, and SB was conducted. Stratified random sampling of 5% of residents aged 20 to 80years was surveyed in a city in northeast Japan in 2011, and 4249 (84.9%) residents were analyzed. Association of combinations of eating behaviors on being overweight (BMI (kg/m(2)≥25.0)) was estimated by using logistic analysis, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidential interval were calculated after adjustment for potential covariates. RESULTS: LEM, SB, or a combination of LEM and SB was not significantly associated with being overweight. However, the combination of EQ or only EQ was significantly associated with being overweight. As the number of eating behavior practices increased, there was a linear increase in OR for being overweight. The OR of all three combined eating behaviors was higher than that of any combined two behaviors or of each behavior. DISCUSSION: This study result supports the evidence that EQ increases the risk of being overweight whether by itself or in combinations with LEM and/or SB. However, only LEM or only SB did not increase the risk of being overweight.
OBJECTIVE: Various eating behaviors have been linked with body weight management. However, combined effects of major eating behaviors are not fully understood. This study aimed to clarify the association of the combination of eating quickly (EQ), late evening meals (LEM), and skipping breakfast (SB) with being overweight. METHOD: A cross-sectional study with standardized questions for EQ, LEM, and SB was conducted. Stratified random sampling of 5% of residents aged 20 to 80years was surveyed in a city in northeast Japan in 2011, and 4249 (84.9%) residents were analyzed. Association of combinations of eating behaviors on being overweight (BMI (kg/m(2)≥25.0)) was estimated by using logistic analysis, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidential interval were calculated after adjustment for potential covariates. RESULTS:LEM, SB, or a combination of LEM and SB was not significantly associated with being overweight. However, the combination of EQ or only EQ was significantly associated with being overweight. As the number of eating behavior practices increased, there was a linear increase in OR for being overweight. The OR of all three combined eating behaviors was higher than that of any combined two behaviors or of each behavior. DISCUSSION: This study result supports the evidence that EQ increases the risk of being overweight whether by itself or in combinations with LEM and/or SB. However, only LEM or only SB did not increase the risk of being overweight.
Authors: De-Xian Kong; Xiao-Feng Su; Jing-Wei Zhao; Lian Chen; Ling-Bing Meng; Zhen-Xi Zhang; Sen Yang; Lei Zhang; Ya-Bin Liu Journal: J Int Med Res Date: 2020-08 Impact factor: 1.671