Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses with metastasis to breast in a middle-aged woman: a case report and literature review.

Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a common soft tissue tumor in children which can rarely metastasize to the breast in adults. Here we report the rare case of a 42-year-old Asian woman, who was diagnosed with ARMS of the nasopharynx and paranasal sinuses, and got a complete remission (CR) after surgery and chemoradiotherapy. Then the patient relapsed in the unilateral breast seventeen months later. Histology and immunohistochemistry of the primary sites and the breast lesions, combined with FISH, have been performed to confirm the diagnosis of metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. With a rational therapeutic regimen of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient has got a complete remission again.