Literature DB >> 26806631

Are women benefiting from the Affordable Care Act? A real-world evaluation of the impact of the Affordable Care Act on out-of-pocket costs for contraceptives.

A Law1, L Wen2, J Lin3, M Tangirala2, J S Schwartz4, E Zampaglione2.   

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandated that, starting between August 1, 2012 and July 31, 2013, health plans cover most Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved contraceptive methods for women without cost sharing. This study examined the impact of the ACA on out-of-pocket expenses for contraceptives. STUDY
DESIGN: Women (ages 15-44years) with claims for any contraceptives in years 2011, 2012 and 2013 were identified from the MarketScan Commercial database. The proportions of women using contraceptives [including permanent contraceptives (PCs) and non-PCs: oral contraceptives (OCs), injectables, patches, rings, implants and intrauterine devices (IUDs)] in study years were determined, as well as changes in out-of-pocket expenses for contraceptives during 2011-2013. Demographics, including age, U.S. geographic region of residence and health plan type, were also evaluated.
RESULTS: The number of women identified with any contraceptive usage in 2011 was 2,447,316 (mean age: 27.6years), in 2012 was 2,515,296 (mean age: 27.4years) and in 2013 was 2,243,253 (mean age: 27.4years). In 2011, 2012 and 2013, the proportions of women with any contraceptive usage were 26.3%, 26.2% and 26.9%, respectively. Over the three study years, mean total out-of-pocket expenses for PCs and non-PCs decreased from $298 to $82 and from $94 to $30, respectively. For non-PCs, mean total out-of-pocket expenses for OCs and IUDs decreased from $86 to $26 and from $83 to $20.
CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of the ACA has saved women a substantial amount in out-of-pocket expenses for contraceptives. IMPLICATIONS: Mean total out-of-pocket expenses for FDA-approved contraceptives decreased approximately 70% from 2011 to 2013. Implementation of the ACA has saved women a substantial amount in out-of-pocket expenses for contraceptives. Longer-term studies, including clinical outcomes, are warranted.
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Affordable Care Act; Contraceptives; Cost-savings; Out-of-pocket expenses

Mesh:

Substances:

Year:  2016        PMID: 26806631     DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2016.01.008

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Contraception        ISSN: 0010-7824            Impact factor:   3.375


  6 in total

1.  "Without bodily autonomy we are not free": exploring women's concerns about future access to contraception following the 2016 US presidential election.

Authors:  Colleen P Judge; Tierney E Wolgemuth; Megan E Hamm; Sonya Borrero
Journal:  Contraception       Date:  2017-08-08       Impact factor: 3.375

2.  Contraceptive Use Among Women with Prediabetes and Diabetes in a US National Sample.

Authors:  Laura E Britton; Jon M Hussey; Diane C Berry; Jamie L Crandell; Jada L Brooks; Amy G Bryant
Journal:  J Midwifery Womens Health       Date:  2018-12-12       Impact factor: 2.388

3.  Out-of-pocket spending for oral contraceptives among women with private insurance coverage after the Affordable Care Act.

Authors:  Brittni Frederiksen; Matthew Rae; Alina Salganicoff
Journal:  Contracept X       Date:  2020-07-31

4.  Payment for Contraceptive Services in Safety Net Clinics: Roles of Affordable Care Act, Title X, and State Programs.

Authors:  Blair G Darney; Frances M Biel; Maria I Rodriguez; R Lorie Jacob; Erika K Cottrell; Jennifer E DeVoe
Journal:  Med Care       Date:  2020-05       Impact factor: 2.983

5.  Impacts of the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid Expansion on Live Births.

Authors:  Danielle R Gartner; Robert Kaestner; Claire E Margerison
Journal:  Epidemiology       Date:  2022-05-01       Impact factor: 4.860

Review 6.  New developments in intrauterine device use: focus on the US.

Authors:  Anita L Nelson; Natasha Massoudi
Journal:  Open Access J Contracept       Date:  2016-09-13
  6 in total

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