Arto Heikkilä1, Maarit Venermo2, Hannu Kautiainen3, Pertti Aarnio4, Päivi Korhonen5. 1. Department of General Practice, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Surgery, Satakunta Hospital District, Pori, Finland. Electronic address: arto.heikkila@fimnet.fi. 2. Department of Vascular Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. 3. Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. 4. Department of Surgery, Satakunta Hospital District, Pori, Finland. 5. Department of General Practice, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Primary Care, Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Harjavalta, Finland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease because it remains asymptomatic for so long. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a valid method for detecting PAD in lower extremities. ABI ≤0.90 indicates incident PAD. Recent studies have found that subjects with borderline ABI values (0.91-1.00) have increased mortality rates. The objective of our 7-year follow-up study was to investigate the progression of PAD in borderline ABI subjects, who underwent a multifactorial cardiovascular intervention. METHODS: A total of 193 subjects with borderline ABI were examined in 2005-2006. None of them had previously diagnosed diabetes, cardiovascular or renal disease or intermittent claudication. They were given conventional treatment for multiple risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, elevated blood glucose, smoking, and overweight). Sixty-four percent of these subjects (n = 123) attended a follow-up visit in 2012. RESULTS: Of the 123 subjects with borderline ABI (mean age 59.0 ± 6.5 years, 62% female) at baseline, 18 (15%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 9%-22%) developed incident PAD during the follow-up. The mean ABI was 0.97 ± 0.03 at baseline and 1.01 ± 0.12 at 7-year follow-up visit. The change in mean ABI was +0.04 (95% CI: 0.03-0.07), P < 0.001. ABI improved significantly in 25 (20%) subjects. In multivariate ordered logistic regression analyses high and even moderate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA; odds ratio 6.15; 95% CI: 1.99-19.1) predicted a rise in ABI in comparison to low LTPA. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity seems to improve significantly ABI values among men and women with borderline ABI (0.91-1.00).
BACKGROUND:Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease because it remains asymptomatic for so long. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a valid method for detecting PAD in lower extremities. ABI ≤0.90 indicates incident PAD. Recent studies have found that subjects with borderline ABI values (0.91-1.00) have increased mortality rates. The objective of our 7-year follow-up study was to investigate the progression of PAD in borderline ABI subjects, who underwent a multifactorial cardiovascular intervention. METHODS: A total of 193 subjects with borderline ABI were examined in 2005-2006. None of them had previously diagnosed diabetes, cardiovascular or renal disease or intermittent claudication. They were given conventional treatment for multiple risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, elevated blood glucose, smoking, and overweight). Sixty-four percent of these subjects (n = 123) attended a follow-up visit in 2012. RESULTS: Of the 123 subjects with borderline ABI (mean age 59.0 ± 6.5 years, 62% female) at baseline, 18 (15%, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 9%-22%) developed incident PAD during the follow-up. The mean ABI was 0.97 ± 0.03 at baseline and 1.01 ± 0.12 at 7-year follow-up visit. The change in mean ABI was +0.04 (95% CI: 0.03-0.07), P < 0.001. ABI improved significantly in 25 (20%) subjects. In multivariate ordered logistic regression analyses high and even moderate leisure-time physical activity (LTPA; odds ratio 6.15; 95% CI: 1.99-19.1) predicted a rise in ABI in comparison to low LTPA. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity seems to improve significantly ABI values among men and women with borderline ABI (0.91-1.00).
Authors: Emily R Cedarbaum; Yifei Ma; Adaora A Adimora; Marcas Bamman; Mardge H Cohen; Margaret A Fischl; Deborah Gustafson; Kunihiro Matsushita; Igho Ofotokun; Michael Plankey; Eric C Seaberg; Anjali Sharma; Phyllis C Tien Journal: AIDS Date: 2022-03-01 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Yifei Lu; Shoshana H Ballew; Lucia Kwak; Elizabeth Selvin; Corey A Kalbaugh; Jennifer A Schrack; Kunihiro Matsushita; Moyses Szklo Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2019-10-23 Impact factor: 5.501