Isabelle Ouellet-Morin1, Mara Brendgen2, Alain Girard3, Sonia J Lupien4, Ginette Dionne5, Frank Vitaro6, Michel Boivin7. 1. School of Criminology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address: isabelle.ouellet-morin@umontreal.ca. 2. Department of Psychology, University of Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, Canada; Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada. 3. Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada. 4. Research Center of the Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada; Department Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada. 5. Department of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. 6. Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, Canada; School of Psychoéducation, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada. 7. Department of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada; Institute of Genetic, Neurobiological, and Social Foundations of Child Development, Tomsk State University, Russian Federation.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: By and large, studies have reported moderate contributions of genetic factors to cortisol secreted in the early morning and even smaller estimates later in the day. In contrast, the cortisol awakening response (CAR) has shown much stronger heritability estimates, which prompted the hypothesis that the etiology of cortisol secretion may vary according to the time of day. A direct test of this possibility has, however, not yet been performed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the specific and common etiology of the CAR, awakening level and cortisol change from morning to evening in an age-homogenous sample of twin adolescents. METHODS: A total of 592 participants of the Québec Newborn Twin Study, a population-based 1995-1998 cohort of families with twins in Canada, have collected saliva at awakening, 30 min later, at the end of afternoon and in the evening over four collection days. RESULTS: Multivariate Cholesky models showed both specific and common sources of variance between the CAR, awakening and cortisol diurnal change. The CAR had the strongest heritability estimates, which, for the most part, did not overlap with the other indicators. Conversely, similar magnitudes of genetic and environmental contributions were detected at awakening and for diurnal change, which partially overlapped. CONCLUSION: Our study unraveled differences between the latent etiologies of the CAR and the rest of the diurnal cycle, which may contribute to identify regulatory genes and environments and detangle how these indicators each relate to physical and mental health.
INTRODUCTION: By and large, studies have reported moderate contributions of genetic factors to cortisol secreted in the early morning and even smaller estimates later in the day. In contrast, the cortisol awakening response (CAR) has shown much stronger heritability estimates, which prompted the hypothesis that the etiology of cortisol secretion may vary according to the time of day. A direct test of this possibility has, however, not yet been performed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the specific and common etiology of the CAR, awakening level and cortisol change from morning to evening in an age-homogenous sample of twin adolescents. METHODS: A total of 592 participants of the Québec Newborn Twin Study, a population-based 1995-1998 cohort of families with twins in Canada, have collected saliva at awakening, 30 min later, at the end of afternoon and in the evening over four collection days. RESULTS: Multivariate Cholesky models showed both specific and common sources of variance between the CAR, awakening and cortisol diurnal change. The CAR had the strongest heritability estimates, which, for the most part, did not overlap with the other indicators. Conversely, similar magnitudes of genetic and environmental contributions were detected at awakening and for diurnal change, which partially overlapped. CONCLUSION: Our study unraveled differences between the latent etiologies of the CAR and the rest of the diurnal cycle, which may contribute to identify regulatory genes and environments and detangle how these indicators each relate to physical and mental health.
Authors: Ashley M St John; Katie Kao; Jacqueline Liederman; Philip G Grieve; Amanda R Tarullo Journal: Dev Psychobiol Date: 2017-07-07 Impact factor: 3.038
Authors: Mara Brendgen; Isabelle Ouellet-Morin; Christina Y Cantave; Frank Vitaro; Ginette Dionne; Michel Boivin Journal: J Youth Adolesc Date: 2022-10-15
Authors: Liz Rietschel; Fabian Streit; Gu Zhu; Kerrie McAloney; Josef Frank; Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne; Stephanie H Witt; Tina M Binz; John McGrath; Ian B Hickie; Narelle K Hansell; Margaret J Wright; Nathan A Gillespie; Andreas J Forstner; Thomas G Schulze; Stefan Wüst; Markus M Nöthen; Markus R Baumgartner; Brian R Walker; Andrew A Crawford; Lucía Colodro-Conde; Sarah E Medland; Nicholas G Martin; Marcella Rietschel Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-11-10 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Jana Runze; Saskia Euser; Mirjam Oosterman; Conor V Dolan; M Elisabeth Koopman-Verhoeff; Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg Journal: Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol Date: 2021-10-14