Contributions to the knowledge of oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Indonesia. 3. The genus Galumna (Galumnidae) with description of a new subgenus and seven new species.

Seven new species of oribatid mites of the genus Galumna are described from litter and soil materials of Sumatra, Indonesia. A new subgenus, Galumna (Atypicogalumna) subgen. n., is proposed; it differs from all galumnid genera and subgenera by the simultaneous presence of porose areas and sacculi on the notogaster (vs. either porose areas or sacculi present). Galumna (Galumna) calva Starý, 1997 is recorded for the first time in the Oriental region, and Galumna (Galumna) sabahna Mahunka, 1995 is recorded for the first time in the Indonesian fauna.

Introduction

This work is a part of a continuing study of the Indonesian fauna of oribatid mites (see Ermilov et al. 2015c, d), and includes data on the genus Heyden, 1826 (, , ). During taxonomic identification, ten species were found belonging to four subgenera: subgen. n., Heyden, 1826, Aoki, 1988 and Hammer, 1973. The main goal of the paper is to present data on the specific localities, notes on new records and overall known distribution of registered taxa, and to describe and illustrate a new subgenus and seven new species.

is a very large genus that was proposed by Heyden (1826) with Hermann, 1804 as type species. The genus comprises approximately seven subgenera and 180 species (see different opinions: Subías 2004, updated 2015; Ermilov and Anichkin 2014b; Ermilov and Bayartogtokh 2015) having a cosmopolitan distribution (Subías 2004, updated 2015). The subgeneric diagnoses for , and were presented by Ermilov et al. (2013), Ermilov and Corpuz-Raros (2015) and Hammer (1973), respectively. The identification keys to selective species of were given by Shaldybina (1975), Balogh and Balogh (2002), Weigmann (2006), Bayartogtokh and Akrami (2014), Ermilov and Anichkin (2014c) and Ermilov et al. (2015a, b); the identification keys to all species of and were presented by Ermilov and Corpuz-Raros (2015) and Ermilov and Anichkin (2014b), respectively.

Material and methods

Exact collection locality and habitat are given in the respective “Material examined” section for each species.

Specimens were mounted in lactic acid on temporary cavity slides for measurement and illustration. The body length was measured in lateral view, from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior edge of the ventral plate. Notogastral width refers to the maximum width in dorsal aspect. Lengths of body setae were measured in lateral aspect. All body measurements are presented in micrometers. Formulas for leg setation are given in parentheses according to the sequence trochanter–femur–genu–tibia–tarsus (famulus included). Formulas for leg solenidia are given in square brackets according to the sequence genu–tibia–tarsus. General terminology used in this paper follows that of Grandjean (summarized by Norton and Behan-Pelletier 2009). Drawings were made with a camera lucida using a Carl Zeiss transmission light microscope “Axioskop-2 Plus”.

Descriptions

subgen. n.

http://zoobank.org/89548A86-BC87-4288-9C4B-39FE1E4AD445

Type species.

sp. n.

Subgeneric diagnosis.

With main traits of the genus (see Ermilov et al. 2013). Notogaster with both porose areas and sacculi. Lamellar and sublamellar lines parallel, curving backwards. Body surface without sculpture and ornamentation. Adanal lyrifissures located near to anal aperture. Legs tridactylous.

Etymology.

The specific name “ refers to the presence of porose areas and sacculi on the notogaster that is unusual for .

Remarks.

subgen. n. differs from all genera and subgenera of the family by the presence of porose areas and sacculi on the notogaster (vs. either porose areas or sacculi present).

sp. n.

http://zoobank.org/D22C0050-5B3E-4218-AB18-EC4E7C8B6107

Figs 1 , 2 , 3–4 , 5–9

Figure 1.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 2.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 3–4.

sp. n., adult: 3 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 4 posterior view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 5–9.

sp. n., adult: 5 bothridial seta 6 subcapitulum, ventral view 7 genital plate, left 8 anal plate, left, and adanal setae 9 tibia of leg IV, right, antiaxial view. Scale bar 20 µm.

Diagnosis.

Body size: 332–365 × 232–265. Rostral and lamellar setae setiform. Interlamellar setae represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae clavate. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Four pairs of rounded porose areas and three pairs of sacculi on notogaster. Median pore and postanal porose area present.

Description.

Measurements. Body length: 332 (holotype: male), 332–365 (nine paratypes: three females and six males); notogaster width: 232 (holotype), 232–265 (nine paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color light brown. Body surface, pteromorphs, genital and anal plates punctate (visible in dissected specimens), subcapitular mentum smooth. Several short longitudinal striae present in basal part of prodorsum (postero-laterally to alveoli of interlamellar setae).

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar (L) and sublamellar (S) lines distinct. Rostral setae (ro, 26–28) setiform, barbed. Lamellar setae (le, 12–16) thin, indistinctly barbed. Interlamellar setae (in) represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae (bs, 57–61) clavate, with long stalk and shorter head rounded and barbed distally. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (16–18 × 6).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas rounded, with distinct margins: Aa (16–20) slightly larger than A1, A2 and A3 (all 12–16). Three pairs of sacculi with minute channels and small openings: Sa located antero-medially and nearly to Aa, S2 – medially and distanced to A2, S3 – medially and nearly to A3. Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore present in all specimens, located between A3. All lyrifissures (ia, im, ip, ih, ips) distinct, im located anteriorly and nearly to A1. Opisthonotal gland openings located antero-laterally to A2.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Subcapitulum size: 82–86 × 69–73. Subcapitular setae setiform, slightly barbed, h (6–8) shorter than m (10–12) and a (16), a thickest, h thinnest. Two pairs of adoral setae (or1, or2, 12) setiform, hook-like distally, barbed. Palps (53) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi (sac) distinct. Chelicerae (98) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (34–36) longer than chb (22–24). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–2. Setae (1a, 3b, 4a, 4b) similar in length (4), thin, smooth. Pedotecta II rounded distally in ventral view. Discidia (dis) triangular. Circumpedal carinae (cp) distinct, clearly not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1–g3, 8; g4–g6, 4), one pair of aggenital (ag, 4), two pairs of anal (an1, an2, 4) and three pairs of adanal (ad1–ad3, 4) setae thin, smooth. Three setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae distanced equal from each other, inserted in one diagonal row on each side of adanal region. Setae ad3 inserted laterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area (Ap) elongate oval, transversally oriented (24 × 6).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1–4–3–4–20) [1-2-2], II (1–4–3–4–15) [1-1-2], III (1–2–1–3–15) [1-1-0], IV (1–2–2–3–12) [0-1-0]; homologies of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1. Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Table 1.

Leg setation and solenidia of adult sp. n. (same data for sp. n., sp. n., sp. n., sp. n., sp. n. and sp. n.)

Leg	Tr	Fe	Ge	Ti	Ta
I	v’	d, (l), bv’’	(l), v’, σ	(l), (v), φ1, φ2	(ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), v’, (pl), l’’, ε, ω1, ω2
II	v’	d, (l), bv’’	(l), v’, σ	(l), (v), φ	(ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv), ω1, ω2
III	v’	d, ev’	l’, σ	l’, (v), φ	(ft), (tc), (it), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)
IV	v’	d, ev’	d, l’	l’, (v), φ	ft’’, (tc), (p), (u), (a), s, (pv)

Note: Roman letters refer to normal setae, Greek letters to solenidia (except ε = famulus). Single prime (‘) marks setae on the anterior and double prime (“) setae on the posterior side of a given leg segment. Parentheses refer to a pair of setae. Tr, Fe, Ge, Ti, Ta.

– trochanter

– femur

– genu

– Tibia

– tarsus

Material examined.

Holotype (male) and nine paratypes (three females and six males): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, jungle rubber agroforest, research site HJ1, 01°55'40.0"S, 103°15'33.8"E, 51 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

Type deposition.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI Cibinong, Indonesia; six paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; three paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

(Indonesian Institute of Science)

The specific name is dedicated to our friend and colleague, acarologist, Dr. Leonila Corpuz-Raros (Crop Protection Cluster, College of Agriculture and Museum of Natural History, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Los Baños, Philippines).

sp. n. differs from the all species of the family by the presence of porose areas and sacculi on the notogaster (vs. either porose areas or sacculi in other species).

http://zoobank.org/EBA76398-87BB-4A52-A76B-45CFE76940C7

Figs 10 , 11 , 12–13 , 14–19

Figure 10.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 11.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 12–13.

sp. n., adult: 12 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 13 posterior view. Scale bars 100 µm.

Figures 14–19.

sp. n., adult: 14 rostrum and rostral setae, dorso-frontal view 15 bothridial seta 16 subcapitulum, ventral view 17 genital plate, right 18 anal plate, right, and adanal setae 19 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bars 50 µm.

Body size: 564–664 × 448–514. Rostrum bidentate. Lamellar lines directed to lateral margins of prodorsum. Rostral setae curved medio-downwards. Lamellar setae shortest, interlamellar setae longest on prodorsum. Bothridial setae long, with dilated unilaterally, slightly barbed distally head. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Four pairs of oval porose areas on notogaster. Median pore and postanal porose area present.

Measurements. Body length: 581 (holotype: male), 564–664 (five paratypes: two females and three males); notogaster width: 464 (holotype), 448–514 (five paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Body surface, pteromorphs, subcapitular mentum, genital and anal plates punctate.

Prodorsum. Rostrum bidentate, teeth (t) strong. Lamellar and sublamellar lines distinct, curving backwards, slightly divergent in distal parts, lamellar lines directed to lateral margins of prodorsum. Rostral setae (41–49) indistinctly dilated basally and curved specifically medio-downwards, smooth. Lamellar setae (24–32) setiform, thin, slightly barbed. Interlamellar setae (69–73) setiform, straight, barbed. Bothridial setae (155–176) with long, smooth stalk and short, elongated, dilated unilaterally, slightly barbed distally head. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (12–16 × 4–6).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas oval, with distinct margins: Aa (36–45 × 24–32) larger than A1, A3 (32–36 × 20–24) and A2 (16–24 × 12–20). Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore present in all specimens, located between A2. All lyrifissures distinct, im and opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A1.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Subcapitulum size: 151–155 × 143–147. Subcapitular setae setiform, similar in thickness approximately, barbed, h (16) shorter than m (20–24) and a (24–28). Two pairs of adoral setae (16) setiform, hook-like distally, barbed. Palps (102–110) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (184–188) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (65–69) longer than chb (41–45). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–2. Setae 1a and 3b (24–28) setiform, barbed; 4a and 4b (8) thin, smooth. Pedotecta II rounded anteriorly in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, little not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1, g2, 14–18; g3–g6, 6–8), one pair of aggenital (8–12), two pairs of anal (8–12) and three pairs of adanal (8–12) setae thin, smooth. Two setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae ad3 inserted PageBreakPageBreaklaterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area elongated, transversally oriented (36–45 × 8–12).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (male) and five paratypes (two females and three males): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, oil palm plantation, research site HO1, 01°54'35.6"S, 103°15'58.3"E, 81 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; three paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name bidentatirostris refers to the bidentate rostrum.

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Grandjean, 1956 from the Mediterranean (see Grandjean 1956) in having four pairs of oval porose areas on notogaster, long bothridial setae with elongated, unilaterally head, similar relative lengths of prodorsal setae (in > ro > le), median pore and elongated postanal porose area. However, the new species differs from the latter by the presence of bidentate rostrum (vs. without teeth in ), rostral setae curved medio-backwards (vs. not curved in ), anterior notogastral margin (vs. not developed in ), lamellar lines directed to lateral margins of prodorsum (vs. directed to insertions of rostral setae), and the absence of an apophysis in the posterior part of the notogaster (vs. present in ).

http://zoobank.org/508FCA63-79EB-4F0D-B909-7BD1A2EBF53A

Figs 20 , 21 , 22–23 , 24–28

Figure 20.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 21.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 22–23.

sp. n., adult: 22 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 23 posterior view. Scale bars 100 µm.

Figures 24–28.

sp. n., adult: 24 bothridial seta 25 subcapitulum, ventral view 26 genital plate, left 27 anal plate, left, and adanal setae 28 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bars 50 µm.

Body size: 498–531 × 365–381. Lamellar lines straight, directed to rostrum. Prodorsal setae setiform, barbed, lamellar setae shortest, interlamellar setae longest. Bothridial setae setiform, ciliate unilaterally. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Four pairs of porose areas present on notogaster, Aa booth-shaped to elongate triangular, transversally oriented, A1, A2 and A3 rounded. Median pore and postanal porose area present.

Measurements. Body length: 531 (holotype: female), 498–531 (three paratypes: two females and one male); notogaster width: 381 (holotype), 365–381 (three paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Body surface, pteromorphs, subcapitular mentum, genital and anal plates punctate (visible in dissected specimens).

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar lines straight, directed little laterally to insertions of rostral setae. Sublamellar lines curving backwards. Rostral (45–49), lamellar (24–28) and interlamellar (61–73) setae setiform, barbed. Bothridial setae (106–110) long, setiform, densely ciliate unilaterally. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (16–20 × 8–12).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas with distinct margins: Aa (36–49 × 12–16) booth-shaped to elongate triangular, transversally oriented; A1, A2 and A3 (24–32) rounded. Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore present in all specimens, located between A2. All lyrifissures distinct, im and opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A1.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Subcapitulum size: 118–123 × 102–106. Subcapitular setae setiform, similar in thickness approximately, barbed, h (18–20), m (20) and a (20–24) differ little in length. Two pairs of PageBreakadoral setae (16–18) setiform, hook-like distally, barbed. Palps (82) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (155) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (57) longer than chb (32). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–2. Setae thin, smooth, 3b (20–24) longer than 1a, 4a and 4b (8). Pedotecta II rounded anteriorly in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, little, not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1–g3, 8–10; g4–g6, 4), one pair of aggenital (4), two pairs of anal (4) and three pairs of adanal (4) setae thin, smooth. Three setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae ad3 inserted laterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area elongated, transversally oriented (32–36 × 10–16).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (female) and three paratypes (two females and one male): Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, jungle rubber agroforest, research site BJ5, 02°08'35.6"S, 102°51'04.7"E, 51 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name indonesica refers to the country of origin, Indonesia.

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 from Vietnam (see Ermilov and Anichkin 2014a) in having lamellar lines directed to the anterior part of the prodorsum, setiform and ciliate bothridial setae, four pairs of notogastral porose areas with Aa elongated and transversally oriented, a median pore and an elongated postanal porose area. However, the new species differs from the latter by the position of rostral setae (nearly to the lamellar lines vs. distanced in ), the length of rostral and lamellar setae (rostral setae longer vs. lamellar setae longer in ) and the presence of anterior notogastral margin (vs. absent in ).

http://zoobank.org/ABED7400-EDB6-4D8F-9667-AD3426677A24

Figs 29 , 30 , 31–32 , 33–37

Figure 29.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 30.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 31–32.

sp. n., adult: 31 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 32 posterior view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 33–37.

sp. n., adult: 33 bothridial seta 34 subcapitulum, ventral view 35 genital plate, right 36 anal plate, right, and adanal setae 37 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bar 20 µm.

Body size: 258–287 × 184–204. Surface of anogenital region and medio-anterior part of notogaster foveolate, surface of subcapitular mentum, genital and anal PageBreakplates, antero-lateral parts of pteromorphs and posterior part of notogaster striate. Rostral and lamellar setae of medium size, interlamellar setae minute. Bothridial setae clavate. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Four pairs of rounded porose areas present on notogaster. Median pore and postanal porose area present.

Measurements. Body length: 258 (holotype: male), 258–287 (three paratypes: two females and one male); notogaster width: 188 (holotype), 184–204 (three paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Surface of anogenital region and medio-anterior part of notogaster foveolate (diameter of foveolae up to 6). Surface of subcapitular PageBreakmentum, genital and anal plates, antero-lateral parts of pteromorphs and posterior part of notogaster striate.

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar and sublamellar lines parallel, curving backwards. Rostral and lamellar setae similar in length (20–24), setiform, slightly barbed. Interlamellar setae minute (1). Bothridial setae (49–57) clavate, with long, smooth stalk and rounded, barbed head. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (6 × 4).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas rounded, with distinct margins: Aa (8–12) larger than A1, A2 and A3 (6–8). Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore present in all specimens, located between A2. All lyrifissures distinct, im located between lm and A1. Opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A1.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Subcapitulum PageBreaksize: 73–77 × 65–69. Subcapitular setae a (12–14) setiform, slightly barbed, longer and thicker than minute, smooth m and h (both pairs 4). Two pairs of adoral setae (8) setiform, hook-like distally, barbed. Palps (57) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (90) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (32) longer than chb (20). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–1. Setae thin, smooth, 3b (8–10) longer than 1a and 4a (4). Pedotecta II rounded anteriorly in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, clearly not reach the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1, 8; g2, 6; g3–g6, 4), one pair of aggenital (4), two pairs of anal (4) and three pairs of adanal (4) setae thin, smooth. Three setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae distanced equal from each other, inserted in one diagonal row on each side of adanal region. Adanal setae ad3 inserted postero-laterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area oval, transversally oriented (6–10 × 4–6).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Engelbrecht 1969; Ermilov and Anichkin 2010). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (male): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, jungle rubber agroforest, research site HJ4, 01°47'07.3"S, 103°16'36.9"E, 57 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. Three paratypes (two females and one male): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, secondary rainforest, research site HF4, 02°11'15.2"S, 103°20'33.4"E, 77 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name is dedicated to our friend and colleague, acarologist, Dr. Ladislav Miko (Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic).

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Pérez-Íñigo & Baggio, 1986 from the Neotropical region (see Pérez-Íñigo and Baggio 1986) in having striate pteromorphs, minute interlamellar setae, anterior notogastral margin, four pairs of rounded porose areas on notogaster and median pore. However, the new species differs from the latter by the foveolate notogaster and anogenital region (vs. not foveolate in ), striate posterior part of notogaster (vs. not striate in ) and clavate bothridial setae (vs. lanceolate in ).

http://zoobank.org/3177798F-4D88-4538-9862-C51DD5495C85

Figs 38 , 39 , 40–41 , 42–46

Figure 38.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 39.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 40–41.

sp. n., adult: 40 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 41 posterior view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 42–46.

sp. n., adult: 42 bothridial seta 43 subcapitulum, ventral view 44 genital plate, left 45 anal plate, left, and adanal setae 46 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bar 20 µm.

Body size: 298–315 × 215–249. Transverse band of strong, branched cerotegumental ridges developed in middle part of notogaster and between genital and anal plates, not forming a reticulate pattern, only a few cells present exeptionally. Rostral and lamellar setae short, interlamellar setae represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae clavate. Four pairs of rounded porose areas present on notogaster. Median pore and postanal porose area present.

Measurements. Body length: 315 (holotype: male), 298–315 (seven paratypes: two females and five males); notogaster width: 249 (holotype), 215–249 (seven paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Body surface, pteromorphs, genital and anal plates punctate (visible in dissected specimens). Subcapitular mentum smooth. Transverse band of strong, branched cerotegumental ridges developed in the middle part of the notogaster and between the genital and anal plates. These ridges comparatively short and not forming a clear reticulate pattern, only a few cells present exeptionally.

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar and sublamellar lines parallel, curving backwards. Rostral setae (18–20) thin, smooth, pressed to the surface of prodorsum. Lamellar setae (6–8) minute. Interlamellar setae represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae (53–57) clavate, with long stalk and short head, rounded and smooth to slightly roughened distally. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (6–8 × 4–6).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas rounded, with distinct margins: Aa (12–16) slightly larger than A1, A2 and A3 (all 8–10). Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore present in all specimens, located between A2. All lyrifissures distinct, im located between lm and lp. Opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A1.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Anichkin 2013). Subcapitulum size: 77–82 × 61–65. Subcapitular setae setiform, indistinctly barbed, h (4) shorter than m (6) and a (10–12), a thickest, h thinnest. Two pairs of adoral setae (6) setiform, hook-like distally, indistinctly barbed. Palps (69) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (94) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (32) longer than chb (20). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–2. Setae thin, smooth, 3b (6) slightly longer than 1a, 4a and 4b (4). Pedotecta II roundly triangular in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, clearly not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1, g2, 6–8; g3–g6, 4), one pair of aggenital (4), two pairs of anal (4) and three pairs of adanal (4) setae thin, smooth. Three setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae ad3 inserted antero-laterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area oval, transversally oriented (8–12 × 4).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Anichkin 2013). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (male) and two paratypes (one female and one male): Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, secondary rainforest, research site BF2, 01° 58'55.1"S, 102°45'02.7"E, 77 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). Five paratypes (one female and four males): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, jungle rubber agroforest, research site HJ1, 01°55'40.0"S, 103°15'33.8"E, 51 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; six paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name areticulata refers to the absence of clear reticulate pattern on the body.

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Subías, 2004 from southern China and Vietnam (see Aoki and Hu 1993; including personal data based on the Vietnamese specimens) in having transverse band of reticulation in the middle part of the notogaster and between genital and anal plates, and the absence of striate and reticulate pattern on the prodorsum and pteromorphs. However, the new species differs from the latter by the presence of strong, branched cerotegumental ridges, which do not form a reticulate pattern (vs. distinct reticulate pattern, represented by small, numerous, dense cells in ), minute lamellar setae (vs. well developed in ) and the directions of lamellar lines (to anterior tectum of ventral plate vs. to acetabula I in ).

http://zoobank.org/D757C52A-EB98-4DE5-9D13-D3196FF12A7F

Figs 47 , 48 , 49–50 , 51–55

Figure 47.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 48.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 49–50.

sp. n., adult: 49 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 50 posterior view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 51–55.

sp. n., adult: 51 bothridial seta 52 subcapitulum, ventral view 53 genital plate, left 54 anal plate, left, and adanal setae 55 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bars 20 µm.

Body size: 282–298 × 182–215. Reticulate pattern in the middle part of notogaster represented by few large cells, reticulate pattern between genital and anal plates represented by small, numerous, dense cells. Rostral and lamellar setae thin, indistinctly barbed, interlamellar setae represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae clavate. Four pairs of rounded porose areas on notogaster. Median pore absent. Postanal porose area present.

Measurements. Body length: 282 (holotype: male), 282, 298 (two paratypes: one female and one male); notogaster width: 215 (holotype), 182, 215 (two paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Body surface, pteromorphs, genital and anal plates, and subcapitular mentum punctate. Reticulate pattern in the middle part of notogaster present, cells large and not numerous. Reticulate pattern between genital and anal plates represented by small, numerous, dense cells.

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Lamellar and sublamellar lines parallel, curving backwards. Rostral (16) and lamellar (10–12) setae thin, indistinctly barbed. Interlamellar setae represented by alveoli. Bothridial setae (49–53) clavate, with long stalk and short head, rounded and barbed distally. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad oval, transversally oriented (14–16 × 4–6).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata large, elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas rounded, with distinct margins: Aa (14–16) larger than A1, A2 and A3 (all 8–10). Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, la inserted posteriorly to Aa. Median pore absent in all specimens. All lyrifissures distinct, im located between lm and A1. Opisthonotal gland openings located antero-laterally to A2.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Anichkin 2013). Subcapitulum size: 77 × 65–69. Subcapitular setae setiform, indistinctly barbed, h and m (all 6) shorter than a (12–14), a thickest, h thinnest. Two pairs of adoral setae (8) setiform, hook-like distally, indistinctly barbed. Palps (69) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (94) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (32) longer than chb (20). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–1. Setae 1a, 3b and 4a similar in length (4), thin, smooth. Pedotecta II roundly triangular in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, clearly not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1, g2, 8; g3–g6, 4), one pair of aggenital (4), two pairs of anal (4) and three pairs of adanal (4) setae thin, smooth. Three setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae ad3 inserted laterally to adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area oval, transversally oriented (12–20 × 4–8).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Ermilov et al. 2011; Ermilov and Anichkin 2013). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (male): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, secondary rainforest, research site HF4, 02°11'15.2"S, 103°20'33.4"E, 77 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. Two paratypes (one female and one male): Indonesia, Sumatra, HaraPageBreakpan landscape, secondary rainforest, research site HF4, 02°11'15.2"S, 103°20'33.4"E, 77 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–3 cm). All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name sumatrensis refers to the island of origin, Sumatra.

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Subías, 2004 from southern China and Vietnam (see Aoki and Hu 1993; including personal data based on the Vietnamese specimens) and sp. n. from Indonesia in having a transverse band of reticulation in the middle part of the notogaster and between genital and anal plates, and the absence of striate and reticulate pattern on the prodorsum and pteromorphs. The new species differs from by the presence of large and not numerous of reticulate cells on notogaster (vs. pattern distinct, represented by small, numerous, dense cells in ) and absence of median pore (vs. present in ). The new species differs from sp. n. by the presence of reticulate pattern in the anogenital region represented by small, numerous, dense cells (vs. strong, branched cerotegumental ridges, which do not form a reticulate pattern present in sp. n.) and the absence a median pore (vs. present in sp. n.).

http://zoobank.org/259FF377-30D3-4B95-8E74-12D956CC4F96

Figs 56 , 57 , 58–59 , 60–64

Figure 56.

sp. n., adult: dorsal view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figure 57.

sp. n., adult: ventral view (gnathosoma and legs not shown). Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 58–59.

sp. n., adult: 58 anterior part of body, lateral view (gnathosoma and leg I not shown) 59 posterior view. Scale bar 100 µm.

Figures 60–64.

sp. n., adult: 60 bothridial seta 61 subcapitulum (left gena, rutellum and lip not shown), ventral view 62 genital plate, left 63 anal plate, left, and adanal setae 64 tibia of leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bars 50 µm.

Body size: 498–531 × 348–365. Subcapitular mentum, genital plates and basal part of prodorsum striate. Lamellar lines straight, divergent to sublamellar lines medio-anteriorly. Prodorsal setae setiform, barbed, le thinnest. Bothridial setae, setiform, ciliate. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Notogastral setal alveoli la absent, cx present. Four pairs of rounded porose areas on notogaster. Median pore absent. Postanal porose area elongate oval.

Measurements. Body length: 498 (holotype: male), 498–531 (three paratypes: one female and two males); notogaster width: 348 (holotype), 348–365 (three paratypes). Without sexual dimorphism.

Integument. Body color brown. Body surface, pteromorphs and anal plates smooth. Subcapitular mentum, genital plates and basal part of prodorsum with longitudinal striae.

Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded. Medio-anterior part slightly elongate, hump-like. Lamellar lines straight, directed to insertions of rostral setae, but clearly not reaching them. Sublamellar lines curving backwards. Rostral (39–45), lamellar (18–20) and interlamellar (18–20) setae setiform, barbed, lamellar setae thinnest. Bothridial setae long (106–114), setiform, unilaterally ciliate. Exobothridial setae and their alveoli absent. Porose areas Ad narrow, elongate oval, transversally oriented (28–34 × 4).

Notogaster. Anterior notogastral margin developed. Dorsophragmata of medium size, elongated longitudinally. Four pairs of porose areas rounded, with distinct margins: Aa (16–24) usually slightly larger than A1, A2 and A3 (all 12–16). Notogastral setae represented by 10 pairs of alveoli, however, based on their localization, la absent and cx present. Median pore absent in all specimens. All lyrifissures distinct, im located between lm and A1. Opisthonotal gland openings located laterally to A1.

Gnathosoma. Morphology of subcapitulum, palps and chelicerae typical for (see Ermilov and Anichkin 2010, 2014b). Subcapitulum size: 110–114 × 98–102. Subcapitular setae setiform, indistinctly barbed, h (6–8) shorter than a and m (both pairs 12), a thickest, h thinnest. Two pairs of adoral setae (6–8) setiform, hook-like distally, indistinctly barbed. Palps (94) with typical setation: 0–2–1–3–9(+ω). Axillary sacculi distinct. Chelicerae (139) with two setiform, barbed setae; cha (45) longer than chb (24). Trägårdh’s organ long, tapered.

Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions. Anterior tectum of epimere I smooth. Apodemes 1, 2, sejugal and 3 well visible. Setal formula: 1–0–1–2. Setae thin, smooth, 3b (32–41) longer than 1a, 4a and 4b (6–8). Pedotecta II distally rounded in ventral view. Discidia triangular. Circumpedal carinae distinct, clearly not reaching the insertions of setae 3b.

Anogenital region. Six pairs of genital (g1, g2, 12; g3–g6, 6–8), one pair of aggenital (6–8), two pairs of anal (12) and three pairs of adanal (12) setae thin, smooth. Two setae on anterior edge of each genital plate. Adanal setae ad3 inserted postero-medially PageBreakto adanal lyrifissures. Postanal porose area elongate oval, transversally oriented (45–57 × 8–12).

Legs. Morphology of leg segments, setae and solenidia typical for (see Ermilov and Anichkin 2010, 2014b). Tridactylous, claws smooth. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia are similar to sp. n. (Table 1). Solenidion φ of tibiae IV inserted dorsally at about 2/3 length of segment.

Holotype (male) and three paratypes (one female and three males): Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, secondary rainforest, research site HF4, 02°11'15.2"S, 103°20'33.4"E, 77 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). All specimens were collected by Bernhard Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

The holotype is deposited in LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Science) Cibinong, Indonesia; two paratypes are deposited in the collection of the Senckenberg Museum, Görlitz, Germany; one paratype is deposited in the collection of the Tyumen State University Museum of Zoology, Tyumen, Russia.

The specific name specifica refers to the specific set of notogastral alveoli (la absent, cx present).

sp. n. is morphologically most similar to Ermilov & Anichkin, 2014 from Vietnam (see Ermilov and Anichkin 2014b) in having straight lamellar lines, short prodorsal setae, setiform bothridial setae, setal alveoli cx and striate genital plates. However, the new species differs from the latter by larger body size (498–531 × 348–365 vs. 381–415 × 265–298 in ), well developed and barbed interlamellar setae (vs. minute in ), longest rostral setae on the prodorsum (vs. rostral and lamellar similar in length in ), a striate basal part of prodorsum (vs. not striate in in ), an elongated postanal porose area (vs. oval in ) and the absence of setal alveoli la (vs. present in ).

Records

Starý, 1996 (see Starý 1996). Distribution: Australia. New record in the Oriental region.

Material examined. Two specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, oil palm plantation, research site BO3, 02°04'15.2"S, 102°47'30.6"E, 71 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material, 15.11.2013 (B. Klarner).

Hammer, 1958 (see Hammer 1958; Aoki 1964, 1982; Mahunka 1978). Distribution: Pantropical and Subtropical regions.

Material examined. Two specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, oil palm plantation, research site BO5, 02°06'48.9”S, 102°47'44.5”E, 50 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). One specimen: same data, but in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). One specimen: Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, rubber plantation, research site HR1, 01°54'39.5"S, 103°16'00.1"E, 77 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). All specimens were collected by B. Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.

Mahunka, 1995 (see Mahunka 1995). Distribution: Malaysia. New record in Indonesia.

Material examined. Three specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, oil palm plantation, research site HO1, 01°54'35.6"S, 103°15'58.3"E, 81 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). Three specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, research site BO3, 02°04'15.2"S, 102°47'30.6"E, 71 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. One specimen: Indonesia, Sumatra, Harapan landscape, rubber plantation, research site HR1, 01°54'39.5"S, 103°16'00.1"E, 77 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. Three specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, rubber plantation, research site BR2, 02°05'06.8"S, 102°47'20.7"E, 95 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). Four specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, rubber plantation, research site HR2, Sumatra, Indonesia, Harapan landscape, S 01°52'44.5’’, E 103°16'28.4’’, rubber plantation, 59 m a.s.l., in forest floor litter material. Three specimens: Indonesia, Sumatra, Bukit Duabelas landscape, rubber plantation, research site HR2, Sumatra, Indonesia, Harapan landscape, S 01°52'44.5’’, E 103°16'28.4’’, rubber plantation, 59 m a.s.l., in upper soil layer (0–5 cm). All specimens were collected by B. Klarner (Nov. 2013) and identified and collected to morphospecies level by Dorothee Sandmann.