Lauren Arundell1, Elly Fletcher2, Jo Salmon3, Jenny Veitch4, Trina Hinkley5. 1. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Australia. lauren.arundell@deakin.edu.au. 2. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Australia. elly.fletcher@deakin.edu.au. 3. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Australia. jo.salmon@deakin.edu.au. 4. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Australia. jenny.veitch@deakin.edu.au. 5. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Australia. trina.hinkley@deakin.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents spend a large proportion of the after-school period in sedentary behaviors (SB). Identifying context-specific correlates is important for informing strategies to reduce these behaviors. This paper systematically reviews the correlates of children's and adolescents' after-school SB. METHODS: A computerized literature search was performed in October 2015 for peer-reviewed original research journal articles published in English before October 2015. Eligibility criteria included: 1) sample aged 5-18 years; 2) quantified the amount of SB or component of this that the children/adolescents were performing after school; 3) a measure of SB as the dependent outcome; and 4) the association between potential correlates and after-school SB. RESULTS: Data were synthesized in October 2015. Thirty-one studies met the eligibility criteria: 22 studies among children (≤ 12 years), six among adolescents (>12 years), two had a combined sample of children and adolescents and one cohort followed children from childhood to adolescence. Findings were separated by after-school location i.e. after-school programs (n = 4 studies) and unidentified locations (n = 27). There was insufficient evidence to draw conclusions on all but two of the 58 potential correlates: sex and age. Among children at unidentified locations there was a null association between sex (male) and overall after-school SB, a null association between sex (male) and after-school TV viewing, a positive association between age and overall after-school SB and an inconsistent association between age and after-school TV viewing. No correlates of after-school sedentary behaviour while at after-school programs were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Only two correlates have been investigated frequently enough to determine an overall association; neither correlate is modifiable. Due to the lack of consistent investigation of potential correlates, further evidence is required to accurately identify potential intervention targets. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42014009180.
BACKGROUND:Children and adolescents spend a large proportion of the after-school period in sedentary behaviors (SB). Identifying context-specific correlates is important for informing strategies to reduce these behaviors. This paper systematically reviews the correlates of children's and adolescents' after-school SB. METHODS: A computerized literature search was performed in October 2015 for peer-reviewed original research journal articles published in English before October 2015. Eligibility criteria included: 1) sample aged 5-18 years; 2) quantified the amount of SB or component of this that the children/adolescents were performing after school; 3) a measure of SB as the dependent outcome; and 4) the association between potential correlates and after-school SB. RESULTS: Data were synthesized in October 2015. Thirty-one studies met the eligibility criteria: 22 studies among children (≤ 12 years), six among adolescents (>12 years), two had a combined sample of children and adolescents and one cohort followed children from childhood to adolescence. Findings were separated by after-school location i.e. after-school programs (n = 4 studies) and unidentified locations (n = 27). There was insufficient evidence to draw conclusions on all but two of the 58 potential correlates: sex and age. Among children at unidentified locations there was a null association between sex (male) and overall after-school SB, a null association between sex (male) and after-school TV viewing, a positive association between age and overall after-school SB and an inconsistent association between age and after-school TV viewing. No correlates of after-school sedentary behaviour while at after-school programs were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Only two correlates have been investigated frequently enough to determine an overall association; neither correlate is modifiable. Due to the lack of consistent investigation of potential correlates, further evidence is required to accurately identify potential intervention targets. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42014009180.
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