[The development of early diagnosis and treatment of congenital hip dislocation in Czechoslovakia].

The author gives an account of the early diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip joint in Czechoslovakia since 1918. He pays more detailed attention to the period before the Second World War and the period immediately after the war when aids now used on a world-wide scale were introduced into practice such as Hanausek's apparatus, Frejka's cushion and Pavlik's stirrups. At the same time screening of neonates in some areas was started. The author mentions also methods of preventive examinations of the entire population introduced in the fifties. He also pays attention to efforts to reduce the radiation load in X-ray screening of the population.